ArticleSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2024
Instrumented Mouthguards in Elite-Level Men's and Women's Rugby Union: The Incidence and Propensity of Head Acceleration Events in Matches.
Article in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Head Acceleration Event Probabilities During Standardised Contact Drills in Academy Men's Rugby League.European journal of sport science · 2026Article
- Instrumented Mouthguards in Women's Rugby League: Quantifying the Incidence and Probability of Head Acceleration Events at Group and Individual Levels.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Bioenergetics of the combat sports brain: Between risk and resilience.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Review
- Head Acceleration Event Exposure during Pre-Season Training in Elite Men's Rugby Union.Sports medicine - open · 2026Article
- Biomechanical Profiles of Diagnosed Concussions in Rugby Union: A Case Study Using Instrumented Mouthguards.Sports medicine - open · 2026Article
- The Effect of Changing Weekly Contact Training Duration Beyond Current Guidelines on Head Acceleration Events in Rugby Union.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Inertial Head Accelerations in Front-On, One-on-One Tackles in Professional Women Rugby League Players.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Contact Role and Tackle Characteristics Shape Head Acceleration Exposure in Male Community Rugby: A Cohort Study Utilising Instrumented Mouthguards.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Observational
- Head Acceleration Event Magnitude and Incidence Rate in Academy Rugby Union: A Comparison Across Club and International Competition.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Effects of One Season of Rugby on the Neurological Integrity of Male Adolescent Players.Sports medicine - open · 2026Article
- Head Acceleration Events Measured by Instrumented Mouthguards in Elite Australian Football.Sports medicine - open · 2026Article
- Neurodegenerative Diseases in Male Former First-Class New Zealand Rugby Players.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Peak Power: A Severity Measure for Head Acceleration Events Associated with Suspected Concussions.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Beyond protection: the growing role of instrumented mouthguards in sports.British dental journal · 2026Review
- Deep learning approaches for head pose estimation in sports impacts.Sports engineering · 2026Article
- Wearing Regulation Soft-Padded Headgear Does Not Reduce the Risk of Head Injuries in Professional Men's Rugby Players: An Observational Cohort Study.European journal of sport science · 2026Observational
- Head Acceleration Event Exposure During Elite Men's and Women's Rugby Union Training.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Instrumented Mouthguards in Men's Rugby League: Quantifying the Incidence and Probability of Head Acceleration Events at a Group and Individual Level.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- The Incidence of Head Acceleration Events During Pitch-Based Training and Match Play in Professional Men's Rugby League.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2025Article
- Evaluating the Probability of Head Acceleration Events in Elite Men's and Women's Rugby Union Match-Play: The Impact of Tackle Height and Body Position.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
9 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe aim of this study was to examine head acceleration event (HAE) propensity and incidence during elite-level men's and women's rugby union matches.
methodsInstrumented mouthguards (iMGs) were fitted in 92 male and 72 female players from nine elite-level clubs and three international teams. Data were collected during 406 player matches (239 male, 167 female) using iMGs and video analysis. Incidence was calculated as the number of HAEs per player hour and propensity as the proportion of contact events resulting in an HAE at a range of linear and angular thresholds.
resultsHAE incidence above 10 g was 22.7 and 13.2 per hour in men's forwards and backs and 11.8 and 7.2 per hour in women's forwards and backs, respectively. Propensity varied by contact event, with 35.6% and 35.4% of men's tackles and carries and 23.1% and 19.6% of women's tackles and carries producing HAEs above 1.0 krad/s
conclusionThis study quantifies HAE exposures in elite rugby union players using iMGs. Most contact events in rugby union resulted in lower-magnitude HAEs, while higher-magnitude HAEs were comparatively rare. An HAE above 40 g occurred once every 60-100 min in men and 200-300 min in women. Future research on mechanisms for HAEs may inform strategies aimed at reducing HAEs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.