Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37906163›Full record

ArticlePsychological science2023

Concepts Are Restructured During Language Contact: The Birth of Blue and Other Color Concepts in Tsimane'-Spanish Bilinguals.

Saima Malik-Moraleda, Kyle Mahowald, Bevil R Conway, Edward Gibson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Psychological science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Bilingual language processing relies on shared semantic representations that are modulated by each language.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Saima Malik-MoraledaDepartment of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.ORCID 0000-0003-1224-5323
Kyle MahowaldDepartment of Linguistics, The University of Texas at Austin.
Bevil R ConwayLaboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute and National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD.
Edward GibsonDepartment of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Words and the concepts they represent vary across languages. Here we ask if mother-tongue concepts are altered by learning a second language. What happens when speakers of Tsimane', a language with few consensus color terms, learn Bolivian Spanish, a language with more terms? Three possibilities arise: Concepts in Tsimane' may remain unaffected, or they may be remapped, either by Tsimane' terms taking on new meanings or by borrowing Bolivian-Spanish terms. We found that adult bilingual speakers (

Indexed as

LanguageMultilingualismAdultBoliviaHealth StatusHumansLearningbilingualismconceptual representationlanguage changeopen dataopen materials

Identifiers

PMID37906163
PMCPMC10792402

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.