ArticleArchives of disease in childhood2023
Use of healthcare services before diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a population-based matched case-control study.
Article in Archives of disease in childhood, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare Among Youth With Autism and ADHD: A Population-Based Study From Sweden.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2026Article
- Early attention deficit hyperactivity disorder prediction from longitudinal electronic health records.Nature. Mental health · 2026Article
- Antecedents and outcomes of a later attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis in females.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2026Article
- Retrospective Study of Severe Atopic Disease in Young Children (0-5 Years) Managed with Dupilumab Highlights Significant Comorbidities.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Evaluation and Uptake of an Online ADHD Psychoeducation Training for Primary Care Health Care Professionals: Implementation Study.JMIR medical education · 2025Article
- Access to early diagnosis for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among children and adolescents in Mexico City at specialized mental health services.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- ADHD medications use and risk of mortality and unintentional injuries: a population-based cohort study.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Planned and unplanned hospital admissions and health-related school absence rates in children with neurodisability: Protocol for a population-based study using linked education and hospital data from England.NIHR open research · 2024Article
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and serial missed appointments in general practice.PLOS mental health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo compare use of healthcare services and reasons for attendance by children and young people (CYP) with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) versus non-ADHD controls.
designPopulation-based matched case-control study.
settingEnglish primary care electronic health records with linked hospital records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, 1998-2015.
participants8127 CYP with an ADHD diagnosis aged 4-17 years at the time of diagnosis and 40 136 non-ADHD controls matched by age, sex and general practitioner (GP) practice.
main outcome measuresMedical diagnoses, prescriptions, hospital admissions and hospital procedures in the 2 years before diagnosis (or the index date for controls).
resultsCYP with ADHD attended healthcare services twice as often as controls (rate ratios: GP: 2.0, 95% CI=2.0, 2.1; hospital 1.8, 95% CI=1.8, 1.9). CYP with ADHD attended their GP, received prescriptions and were admitted to hospital for a wide range of reasons. The strongest association for GP attendances, comparing CYP with versus without ADHD, was for 'mental and behavioural disorders' (OR=25.2, 95% CI=23.3, 27.2). Common reasons for GP attendance included eye, ear, nose, throat, oral (OR=1.5, 95% CI=1.4, 1.5) and conditions such as asthma (OR=1.3, 95% CI=1.3, 1.4) or eczema (OR=1.2, 95% CI=1.0, 1.3).
conclusionsTwo years before diagnosis, CYP with ADHD attended healthcare services twice as often as CYP without. CYP with ADHD had increased rates of physical conditions, such as asthma and eczema. These contacts may be an opportunity for earlier recognition and diagnosis of ADHD.
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