Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37902502›Full record

ArticleJournal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR2023

Sex Differences in Velopharyngeal Anatomy of 9- and 10-Year-Old Children.

Jamie L Perry, Myoung Keun Lee, Neda Tahmasebifard, Imani R Gilbert, Taylor D Snodgrass, John R Shaffer, Eshan Pua Schleif, Seth M Weinberg

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. The Levator Veli Palatini: Are all Segments Created Equal?The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jamie L PerryDepartment of Communication Sciences and Disorders, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC.ORCID 0000-0001-7866-9159
Myoung Keun LeeDepartment of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA.
Neda TahmasebifardDepartment of Communication Sciences and Disorders, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC.
Imani R GilbertDepartment of Communication Sciences and Disorders, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC.
Taylor D SnodgrassDepartment of Communication Sciences and Disorders, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC.
John R ShafferDepartment of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA.
Eshan Pua SchleifDepartment of Communication Sciences and Disorders, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC.
Seth M WeinbergDepartment of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, PA.

Funding

ABCD-USA Consortium: Coordinating CenterU24DA041147 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI SANDRA A BROWN, TERRY L. JERNIGAN · 2015 to 2026
$54.7M
ABCD-USA Consortium: Data Analysis, Informatics and Resource CenterU24DA041123 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ANDERS M DALE · 2015 to 2026
$51.5M
Adolescent Substance Use Initiation: Disentangling neurocognitive risks from consequences using longitudinal and genetically-informed methodsU01DA041120 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Monica Luciana, Sylia Wilson · 2015 to 2026
$34.5M
ABCD-USA Consortium: Research ProjectU01DA041089 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Joanna Jacobus, Susan F. Tapert · 2015 to 2026
$31.7M
Prospective Research Studies of Maturation (PRISM)- Research ProjectU01DA041134 · NIDA · UTAH STATE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM--UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI ERIN MCGLADE, PERRY FRANKLIN RENSHAW · 2015 to 2026
$29.2M
ABCD-USA CONSORTIUM: RESEARCH PROJECTU01DA041048 · NIDA · CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL OF LOS ANGELES · PI Megan Marie Herting, ELIZABETH R SOWELL · 2015 to 2026
$28.7M
ABCD-USA Consortium: Research ProjectU01DA041106 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Mary M Heitzeg, Chandra Sekhar Sripada · 2015 to 2026
$24.9M
FIU-ABCD: Pathways and Mechanisms to Addiction in the Latino Youth of South FloridaU01DA041156 · NIDA · FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY · PI Raul Gonzalez, Angela R Laird · 2015 to 2026
$22.8M
ABCD-USA Consortium: Research ProjectU01DA041148 · NIDA · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI Damien A Fair, Rebekah S Huber · 2015 to 2026
$22.3M
ABCD-USA: NYC Research ProjectU01DA041174 · NIDA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Arielle Ryan Baskin-Sommers, Betty J Casey · 2015 to 2026
$19.7M
Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Prospective Research in Studies of Maturation (PRISM) ConsortiumU01DA041117 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI LINDA CHANG, THOMAS M ERNST · 2015 to 2026
$19.5M
15/21 ABCD-USA Consortium: Research Project Site at LIBRU01DA050989 · NIDA · LAUREATE INSTITUTE FOR BRAIN RESEARCH · PI ROBIN L AUPPERLE, MARTIN P. PAULUS · 2020 to 2026
$14.7M
NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041022NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041025NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041028NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041048NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041089NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041093NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041106NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041117NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041120NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041134NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041148NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041156NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA041174NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA050987NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA050988NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA050989NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051016NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051018NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051037NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051038NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA051039NIDA NIH HHS U24 DA041123NIDA NIH HHS U24 DA041147
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveUnderstanding the normal anatomy of velopharyngeal (VP) mechanism and the emergence of sexual dimorphism provides valuable insights into differences of VP anatomy among males and females. The purpose of this study is to examine sex differences in VP anatomy in a large data set of 3,248 9- and 10-year-old children.

methodStatic three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging was used to compare five VP characteristics including velar length, velar thickness, effective velar length, levator veli palatini muscle length, and pharyngeal depth between age-matched males (

resultsMales showed significantly larger dimensions for all VP distances and significantly lower ratios of velar length and effective velar length to pharyngeal depth (

conclusionsResults suggest the presence of sexual dimorphism in the VP mechanism among 9- and 10-year-old children. These findings emphasize the necessity of using different normative data for males and females when making comparisons to patients with cleft palate.

Indexed as

Cleft PalateVelopharyngeal InsufficiencyChildFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMalePalate, SoftPharynxSex Characteristics

Identifiers

PMID37902502
PMCPMC11008425

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.