ArticleCancer medicine2023
Prediction of liver and lung metastases in patients with early-onset colorectal cancer by nomograms based on heterogeneous and homogenous risk factors.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Risk factors for exclusive lung metastasis in colorectal cancer: a comprehensive narrative review.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Review
- Training and validation of a nomogram for predicting synchronous distant organ metastasis in patients with very-early-onset colorectal cancer.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- Liver ischemia-reperfusion promotes tumor metastasis via neutrophil-endothelial interactions: targeting ICAM1 to prevent metastatic recurrence.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Development and explanation of a machine learning model for identifying non-localized early-onset T1 colorectal cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Clinical significance of preoperative serum VEGF in predicting metachronous liver metastasis of colorectal cancer: development of a novel nomogram.World journal of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- A predictive nomogram for predicting liver metastasis in early-onset colon cancer: a population-based study.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Peripheral myelin protein 2 is underexpressed in early-onset colorectal cancer and inhibits metastasis.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Article
- Establishment and validation of a predictive model for peripherally inserted central catheter-related thrombosis in patients with liver cancer.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2024Article
- Prediction of liver and lung metastases in patients with early-onset colorectal cancer by nomograms based on heterogeneous and homogenous risk factors.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
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Abstract
backgroundIdentifying the risk factors for distant metastasis in early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) is crucial for elucidating its etiology and facilitating preventive treatment. This study aims to characterize the variability in EOCRC incidence and discern both heterogeneous and homogeneous risk factors associated with synchronous liver, lung, and hepato-lung metastases.
methodsThis study included patients with EOCRC enrolled in the SEER database between 2010 and 2015 and divided patients into three groups by synchronous liver, lung, and hepato-lung metastases. Each group of patients with different metastasis types was randomly assigned to the development and validation cohort in a ratio of 7:3. Logistic regression was used to analyze the heterogeneous and homogenous risk factors for synchronous liver, lung, and hepato-lung metastases in the development cohort of patients. Nomograms were built to calculate the risk of metastasis, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve were used to quantitatively evaluate their performance.
resultsA total of 16,336 eligible patients with EOCRC were included in this study, of which 17.90% (2924/16,336) had distant metastases. The overall incidences of synchronous liver, lung, and hepato-lung metastases were 11.90% (1921/16,146), 2.42% (390/16,126), and 1.50% (241/16,108), respectively. Positive CEA values before treatment, increased lymphatic metastases, and deeper invasion of intestinal wall were positively correlated with three distant types of metastases. On the contrary, the correlation of age, ethnicity, location of primary tumor, and histologic grade among the three types was inconsistent. The ROC curve and calibration curve proved to have fine performance in predicting distant metastases of EOCRC.
conclusionsThere are significant differences in the incidence of distant metastases in EOCRC, and related risk factors are heterogeneous and homogenous. Although limited risk factors were incorporated in this study, the established nomograms indicated good predictive performance.
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