ArticlePeerJ2023
Effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults: a retrospective cephalometric assessment.
Article in PeerJ, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Morphological characteristics and soft tissue analysis of the naso-oropharyngeal airway in young adults with skeletal Class II anterior open bite: a CBCT retrospective study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Effects of lingual and labial orthodontic treatment on the airway in adult with extraction of first premolars: a retrospective cohort study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- FDA-Approved AI Solutions in Dental Imaging: A Narrative Review of Applications, Evidence, and Outlook.International dental journal · 2026Review
- Effects of Premolar Extraction on the Dimensions of the Airway Through Cephalometric Appraisal: A Retrospective Study.Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2025Article
- Three-dimensional pharyngeal airway and hyoid bone changes in skeletal class I malocclusion treated with extraction and non-extraction protocols: a comparative study of fixed orthodontic appliance and clear aligners.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Article
- Long-term evaluation (10 years) of the outcomes of Herbst functional appliance in pharyngeal dimensions and hyoid bone position.Dental press journal of orthodontics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to assess the effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults by cephalometric assessment. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 142 cephalograms of patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction in four groups of (I) 40 class I patients with bimaxillary protrusion and maximum anchorage, (II) 40 class I patients with moderate crowding and anchorage, (III) 40 class II patients with maximum anchorage, and (IV) 22 skeletal class III patients with maximum anchorage. The dimensions of the nasopharynx, velopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx, and hyoid bone position were assessed on pre- and postoperative lateral cephalograms using AudaxCeph v6.1.4.3951 software. Data were analyzed by the Chi-square test, paired t-test, and Pearson's correlation test (alpha = 0.05). Results: A significant reduction in oropharyngeal, velopharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal airway dimensions was noted in groups I, III, and IV ( Conclusion: According to the present results, extraction orthodontic treatment affects upper airway dimensions and hyoid bone position. Maximum anchorage decreases airway dimensions while moderate anchorage increases airway dimensions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.