ArticleFrontiers in immunology2023
Extracellular proteins as potential biomarkers in Sepsis-related cerebral injury.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- The janus-faced extracellular matrix remodeling in acute lung injury: a gatekeeper of macrophage localization and phenotype.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Identification of MMP8, DDX24, RNASE2, and EMB as a novel diagnostic gene panel for sepsis: a transcriptome-based modeling study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Targeting S100A8/A9: a molecular gateway to oral inflammation, microglial activation and neuroinflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mechanism of action and therapeutic potential of S100A8/A9 in neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment: From molecular target to clinical application (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Fibulin2 is a good diagnostic and prognostic indicator for sepsis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Association of serum Netrin-1, NSE, and S100β with brain injury severity and prognosis in patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Article
- The Diagnosis of Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy Using Biomarkers: Are We There Yet?Avicenna journal of medicine · 2025Review
- Integrating bioinformatics and machine learning for comprehensive analysis and validation of diagnostic biomarkers and immune cell infiltration characteristics in pediatric septic shock.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Targeting the immuno-inflammatory-microbial network: a key strategy for sepsis treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Associations between Glasgow Coma Scale trajectories and 28-day survival rate in patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy: insights from longitudinal group trajectory modeling.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Nogo-A exacerbates sepsis-associated encephalopathy by modulating microglial SHP-2/NLRP3 balance and inducing ROS and M1 polarization.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2024Article
- Identifying septic shock subgroups to tailor fluid strategies through multi-omics integration.Nature communications · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Sepsis can cause brain damage known as septic encephalopathy (SAE), which is linked to higher mortality and poorer outcomes. Objective clinical markers for SAE diagnosis and prognosis are lacking. This study aimed to identify biomarkers of SAE by investigating genes and extracellular proteins involved in sepsis-induced brain injury. Methods: Extracellular protein differentially expressed genes (EP-DEGs) from sepsis patients' brain tissue (GSE135838) were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and evaluated by protein annotation database. The function and pathways of EP-DEGs were examined using GO and KEGG. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were built and crucial EP-DEGs were screened using STRING, Cytoscape, MCODE, and Cytohubba. The diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of key EP-DEGs was assessed in 31 sepsis patients' blood samples and a rat cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model. Cognitive and spatial memory impairment was evaluated 7-11 days post-CLP using behavioral tests. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid from 26 rats (SHAM n=14, CLP n=12) were collected 6 days after CLP to analyze key EP-DEGs. Results: Thirty-one EP-DEGs from DEGs were examined. Bone marrow leukocytes, neutrophil movement, leukocyte migration, and reactions to molecules with bacterial origin were all enhanced in EP-DEGs. In comparison to the sham-operated group, sepsis rats had higher levels of MMP8 and S100A8 proteins in their venous blood (both Conclusion: The extracellular proteins MMP8, CSF3, IL-6, and S100A8 may be crucial in the pathophysiology of SAE. S100A8 and MMP8 are possible biomarkers for SAE's onset and progression. This research may help to clarify the pathogenesis of SAE and improve the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.