ArticleEnvironment international2023
Associations between short-term ambient temperature exposure and emergency department visits for amphetamine, cocaine, and opioid use in California from 2005 to 2019.
Article in Environment international, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Building the model: a review of input structures in extreme temperature-health.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Pooled it
- Extreme ambient temperature and emergency healthcare service utilization due to substance use disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Socioenvironmental disasters and the dialectics of overdose mortality.The International journal on drug policy · 2026Article
- High temporal resolution monitoring of illicit drug consumption across England via wastewater analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Subthreshold Thermal Stress Aggravates Methamphetamine-Induced Cardiomyocyte Pyroptosis via the Mitochondrial ROS/BAX/mtDNA/NLRP3 Pathway.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Climate Change and Emergency Medicine: A Scoping Review Across Emergency Medicine Subspecialties.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Association of short-term ambient environmental exposures with suicide and drug overdose deaths among U.S. veterans.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Identification of potentially heat-vulnerability increasing drugs - a narrative review.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Review
- Weather-Related Trends in Drug Use Incidents Aboard Transit Vehicles.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Heat exposure and drug overdose mortality in the USA.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Observational
- Short-term variations in summer temperatures and mental health-related emergency department visits in Ontario, Canada.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2025Article
- A Cross-Sectional Study of Stimulant Use among Migrant and Seasonal Agricultural Workers in Eastern North Carolina.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact of Heat on Respiratory Hospitalizations among Older Adults in 120 Large U.S. Urban Areas.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2025Article
- Material hardship, forced displacement, and negative health outcomes among unhoused people who use drugs in Los Angeles, California and Denver, Colorado: a latent class analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Material Hardship, Forced Displacement, and Negative Health Outcomes Among Unhoused People Who Use Drugs in Los Angeles, California and Denver, Colorado: A Latent Class Analysis.Research square · 2024Article
- Elevated Ambient Temperature Associated With Increased Cardiovascular Disease-Risk Among Patients on Hemodialysis.Kidney international reports · 2024Article
- Exploring the Nexus of Climate Change and Substance Abuse: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Substance use disorder is a growing public health challenge in the United States. People who use drugs may be more vulnerable to ambient heat due to the effects of drugs on thermoregulation and their risk environment. There have been limited population-based studies of ambient temperature and drug-related morbidity. We examined short-term associations between daily ambient temperature and emergency department (ED) visits for use or overdose of amphetamine, cocaine and opioids in California during the period 2005 to 2019. Daily ZIP code-level maximum, mean, and minimum temperature exposures were derived from 1-km data Daymet products. A time-stratified case-crossover design was used to estimate cumulative non-linear associations of daily temperature for lag days 0 to 3. Stratified analyses by patient sex, race, and ethnicity were also conducted. The study included over 3.4 million drug-related ED visits. We found positive associations between daily temperature and ED visits for all outcomes examined. An increase in daily mean temperature from the 50th to the 95th percentile was associated with ED visits for amphetamine use (OR = 1.072, 95% CI: 1.058, 1.086), cocaine use (OR = 1.044, 95% CI: 1.021, 1.068 and opioid use (OR = 1.041, 95% CI: 1.025, 1.057). Stronger positive associations were also observed for overdose: amphetamine overdose (OR = 1.150, 95% CI: 1.085, 1.218), cocaine overdose (OR = 1.159, 95% CI: 1.053, 1.276), and opioid overdose (OR = 1.079, 95% CI: 1.054, 1.106). In summary, people who use stimulants and opioids may be a subpopulation sensitive to short-term higher ambient temperature. Mitigating heat exposure can be considered in harm reduction strategies in response to the substance use epidemic and global climate change.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.