Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37897507›Full record

ArticleOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2024

Vaccination against COVID-19 reduced the mortality risk of COVID-positive hip fracture patients to baseline levels: the nationwide data-linked IMPACT Protect study.

Andrew J Hall, N D Clement, A M J MacLullich, T O White, A D Duckworth

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.6field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Andrew J HallGolden Jubilee Orthopaedics, Golden Jubilee University National Hospital, Clydebank, UK. ajh52@st-andrews.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4582-8368
N D ClementScottish Hip Fracture Audit (SHFA), NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, UK.
A M J MacLullichScottish Hip Fracture Audit (SHFA), NHS National Services Scotland, Edinburgh, UK.
T O WhiteEdinburgh Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
A D DuckworthEdinburgh Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
National Health Service Scotland · GBEdinburgh Royal Infirmary · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This nationwide study used data-linked records to assess the effect of COVID-19 vaccination among hip fracture patients. Vaccination was associated with a lower risk of contracting COVID-19 and, among COVID-positive patients, it reduced the mortality risk to that of COVID-negative patients. This provides essential data for future communicable disease outbreaks. PURPOSE: COVID-19 confers a three-fold increased mortality risk among hip fracture patients. The aims were to investigate whether vaccination was associated with: i) lower mortality risk, and ii) lower likelihood of contracting COVID-19 within 30 days of fracture.

methodsThis nationwide cohort study included all patients aged > 50 years that sustained a hip fracture in Scotland between 01/03/20-31/12/21. Data from the Scottish Hip Fracture Audit were collected and included: demographics, injury and management variables, discharge destination, and 30-day mortality status. These variables were linked to government-managed population level records of COVID-19 vaccination and laboratory testing.

resultsThere were 13,345 patients with a median age of 82.0 years (IQR 74.0-88.0), and 9329/13345 (69.9%) were female. Of 3022/13345 (22.6%) patients diagnosed with COVID-19, 606/13345 (4.5%) were COVID-positive within 30 days of fracture. Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that vaccinated patients were less likely to be COVID-positive (odds ratio (OR) 0.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34-0.48, p < 0.001) than unvaccinated patients. 30-day mortality rate was higher for COVID-positive than COVID-negative patients (15.8% vs 7.9%, p < 0.001). Controlling for confounders (age, sex, comorbidity, deprivation, pre-fracture residence), unvaccinated patients with COVID-19 had a greater mortality risk than COVID-negative patients (OR 2.77, CI 2.12-3.62, p < 0.001), but vaccinated COVID19-positive patients were not at increased risk of death (OR 0.93, CI 0.53-1.60, p = 0.783).

conclusionVaccination was associated with lower COVID-19 infection risk. Vaccinated COVID-positive patients had a similar mortality risk to COVID-negative patients, suggesting a reduced severity of infection. This study demonstrates the efficacy of vaccination in this vulnerable patient group, and presents data that will be valid in the management of future outbreaks.

Indexed as

COVID-19Hip FracturesAgedAged, 80 and overCohort StudiesCOVID-19 VaccinesFemaleHumansMaleRetrospective StudiesVaccinationCOVID-19 VaccinesCOVID-19FrailtyHip fractureMortalityVaccination

Identifiers

PMID37897507
OpenAlexW4388002054

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.