ArticlePharmaceutics2023
Focused Ultrasound-Mediated Delivery of Anti-Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 Antibody to the Brain of a Porcine Model.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Improving T-cell engager efficacy in glioblastoma with multi-antigen targeting and novel delivery approaches.Acta neuropathologica · 2026Review
- Precision Immunotherapeutics for Glioblastoma: Current Approaches and Emerging Strategies in 2026.Cells · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in pediatric central nervous system tumors: biology, clinical experience, and translational pathways to precision immunotherapy.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Review
- Enhancing Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody Delivery to the Brain Using Focused Ultrasound and Microbubbles.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2026Article
- Focused ultrasound-enhanced nose-to-brain delivery of a therapeutic antibody in a large-animal model.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Regulation of the brain tumor microenvironment by focused ultrasound.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Review
- Alternative Strategies for Delivering Immunotherapeutics Targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint in Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by leveraging the body's immune system to combat cancer cells. However, its effectiveness in brain cancer is hindered by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), impeding the delivery of ICIs to brain tumor cells. This study aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of using focused ultrasound combined with microbubble-mediated BBB opening (FUS-BBBO) to facilitate trans-BBB delivery of an ICI, anti-programmed cell death-ligand 1 antibody (aPD-L1) to the brain of a large animal model. In a porcine model, FUS sonication of targeted brain regions was performed after intravenous microbubble injection, which was followed by intravenous administration of aPD-L1 labeled with a near-infrared fluorescent dye. The permeability of the BBB was evaluated using contrast-enhanced MRI in vivo, while fluorescence imaging and histological analysis were conducted on ex vivo pig brains. Results showed a significant 4.8-fold increase in MRI contrast-enhancement volume in FUS-targeted regions compared to nontargeted regions. FUS sonication enhanced aPD-L1 delivery by an average of 2.1-fold, according to fluorescence imaging. In vivo MRI and ex vivo staining revealed that the procedure did not cause significant acute tissue damage. These findings demonstrate that FUS-BBBO offers a noninvasive, localized, and safe delivery approach for ICI delivery in a large animal model, showcasing its potential for clinical translation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.