ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Cytokine Levels in Saliva Are Associated with Salivary Gland Fibrosis and Hyposalivation in Mice after Fractionated Radiotherapy of the Head and Neck.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of FDG-PET/CT in detecting metabolic changes in parotid glands following photon versus proton therapy.American journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
- Advances in oral disease models: a mini-review of developments from 2015 to 2025.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2026Review
- CNN-based prediction using early post-radiotherapy MRI as a proxy for toxicity in the murine head and neck.Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) · 2025Article
- Regional atrophy, cellular plasticity, and regenerative potential in irradiated murine salivary glands.Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden) · 2025Article
- Exploring the impact of advanced glycation end products on diabetic salivary gland dysfunctions.Glycoconjugate journal · 2025Review
- Parotid preservation or immune protection? The dual dilemma in head and neck cancer radiotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Proton- compared to X-irradiation leads to more acinar atrophy and greater hyposalivation accompanied by a differential cytokine response.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Chronic Phenotypes Underlying Radiation-Induced Salivary Gland Dysfunction.Journal of dental research · 2024Review
- Attention-based Vision Transformer Enables Early Detection of Radiotherapy-Induced Toxicity in Magnetic Resonance Images of a Preclinical Model.Technology in cancer research & treatmentArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cytokines are mediators of inflammation that could lead to fibrosis. The aim was to monitor cytokine levels in saliva and serum after locally fractionated radiotherapy of the head and neck in mice and investigate associations with salivary gland fibrosis and hyposalivation. C57BL/6 mice were randomized to sham or X-ray irradiation of 66 Gy in 10 fractions over 5 days. Blood and saliva were collected on days -7, 5, 35, 80, and 105 following cytokine analysis. The harvested submandibular salivary gland was assessed for the presence of fibrosis. Decision tree regression analysis was used to investigate whether cytokine levels could predict late endpoints in terms of hyposalivation or fibrosis. Significant formation of fibrosis in gland tissue and reduced saliva production was found after irradiation. The pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1α, TNF, TIMP1, G-CSF, KC, and MIP-1α showed increased levels in saliva in irradiated mice and a strong correlation with late endpoints. The decision tree analysis largely separated controls from irradiated animals, with IL-1α being the strongest predictor. Pro-inflammatory cytokines in saliva, but not in serum, were associated with late endpoints. This indicates that cytokine expression in saliva is a good biomarker for local salivary gland damage with IL-1α as the strongest single predictor.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.