ArticleCancers2023
TIM-3 Expression and M2 Polarization of Macrophages in the TGFβ-Activated Tumor Microenvironment in Colorectal Cancer.
Article in Cancers, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Review
- Exploring the role of metabolic disorders and gut microbiome in immune checkpoint regulation in cancer: PI3K/AKT/mTOR focus.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2026Review
- Role of tumor microenvironment in regulator of tumor progression and immunotherapy.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- TIM-3+ Macrophages: Insights into Their Role in Cancer and Inflammation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Post-translational modifications of immune checkpoints: molecular mechanisms, tumor microenvironment remodeling, and therapeutic implications.Journal of biomedical science · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of immune resistance in microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Traditional Chinese medicine remodels the immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer: mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Recent progress in immune evasion mechanisms of triple-negative breast cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Abnormal β-Hydroxybutyrylation Modification of ARG1 Drives Reprogramming of Arginine Metabolism to Promote the Progression of Colorectal Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- GALNT7 Stratifies dMMR/MSI Colorectal Cancer into Distinct Molecular Subsets Associated with Prognosis and PD-L1 Expression.Cancer research communications · 2025Article
- TIM-3/Galectin-9 Immune Axis in Colorectal Cancer in Relation to KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, AKT1 Mutations, MSI Status, and the Cytokine Milieu.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Chemoradiation-Altered Micromilieu of Glioblastoma Cells Particularly Impacts M1-like Macrophage Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- TIM-3 teams up with PD-1 in cancer immunotherapy: mechanisms and perspectives.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Lenvatinib suppress FGF19-FGFR4 signaling to enhance antitumor immune response in gastric cancer.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2025Article
- Spatial‒temporal heterogeneities of liver cancer and the discovery of the invasive zone.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Review
- Functional interaction between immune checkpoints and lipid metabolism in the development of arteriosclerosis obliterans.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Crosstalk between ferroptosis and innate immune in diabetic kidney disease: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Exploring Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.Cancers · 2024Review
- Overcoming Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Liver Cancer with Combination Therapy: Stronger Together?Seminars in liver disease · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
TGFβ signaling in the tumor microenvironment (TME) drives immune evasion and is a negative predictor of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy in colorectal cancer (CRC). TIM-3, an inhibitory receptor implicated in anti-tumor immune responses and ICI resistance, has emerged as an immunotherapeutic target. This study investigated TIM-3, M2 macrophages and the TGFβ-activated TME, in association with microsatellite instability (MSI) status and consensus molecular subtypes (CMSs). Transcriptomic cohorts of CRC tissues, organoids and xenografts were examined (
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.