ArticleBiomedicines2023
Headache Prevalence and Its Associated Factors in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Article in Biomedicines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Electronic Device Usage, Physical Activity, and Sleep Quality Related to Cervicogenic Headache Among College Students in Saudi Arabia.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Association of cognitive ability and sleep duration with headache : insights from a Chinese middle-aged and elderly population.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Evaluation of clinical characters and use of alternative medicines in the management of headache and predictors of treatment satisfaction among Saudi adults - A community-based study in Saudi Arabia.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- Ominous Causes of Headache.Current pain and headache reports · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Primary headaches are more prevalent and associated with several risk factors, such as chronic diseases, unhealthy lifestyles, smoking, caffeine intake, work, and stress. However, these factors are not associated with specific headache disorders. We investigated the prevalence of primary headache disorders and the associated risk factors in Makkah. This cross-sectional study, conducted over a 6-month period, used an anonymous survey disseminated through online platforms. The questionnaire was a modified version of a validated questionnaire used to assess headaches in relation to modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. In total, 1177 participants aged 18-65 (mean, 31.5 ± 12.6) years were included. Headaches were diagnosed among 44.2% of participants aged 20-59 years, with a high prevalence among young adults; additionally, 71.5% of participants with headaches reported experiencing headaches for <15 days per month. Chronic headaches were found in 28.5% of participants. Age, chronic diseases, work, caffeine consumption, and smoking were associated with having a significant effect on headache prevalence. The prevalence of headaches in Makkah has increased in comparison to that reported in previous studies. Certain modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors have been associated with headaches. Headaches impact all life aspects of individuals and communities. An educational program for professionals and patients can improve patient outcomes.
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