ArticleHarm reduction journal2023
"That's why we're speaking up today": exploring barriers to overdose fatality prevention in Indianapolis' Black community with semi-structured interviews.
Article in Harm reduction journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Opioid overdose mortality among black people receiving a community- & theory-based multilevel opioid overdose intervention in Indianapolis, U.S.A., 2022-2025.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Trauma Profiles and Cocaine Use Among Formerly Incarcerated Black Men Who Co-Use Opioids and Stimulants.The Journal of black psychology · 2026Article
- How survivors of exploitation who use drugs navigate systems of care: an analysis of survivor insights using the intersectional risk environment.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Understanding the Impact of Structural Racism and Violence Across the Lifespan on Overdose Vulnerability Among Black San Franciscans Experiencing Homelessness.Journal of psychoactive drugs · 2026Article
- "Another one bite the dust-It happens so much in Black neighborhoods": Structural barriers and grassroots resources among Black men who use drugs facing fentanyl-era overdose and treatment disparities.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2026Article
- Spatial-Structural Mechanisms of Racialized Disparities in Overdose Mortality: A Spatiotemporal Analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Post-overdose outreach programs in Massachusetts before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2025Article
- Naloxone Use, 911 Calls, and Emergency Visits After Nonfatal Overdose.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Assessment of knowledge and behaviors of an opioid overdose education and naloxone distribution program during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Overdose as a complex contagion: modelling the community spread of overdose events following law enforcement efforts to disrupt the drug market.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2025Article
- Exploring Black civil society perspectives of drug decriminalization reforms in the Baltimore context: a participatory action qualitative study.Critical public health · 2025Article
- A Scoping Review of the Utilization of Opioid Use Treatment, Harm Reduction, and Culturally Tailored Interventions Among Racial/Ethnic Minorities in the United States.International journal of mental health and addiction · 2025Article
- Article
- Perceptions of overdose response hotlines and applications among rural and remote individuals who use drugs in Canada: a qualitative study.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2024Article
- Comparing harm reduction and overdose response services between community-based and public health department syringe service programmes using a national cross-sectional survey.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Disparities in the accuracy of reporting opioid overdoses to 9-1-1 by race and sex of overdose victim, Marion County, Indiana, 2011-2020.Health & justice · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOpioid overdose deaths are of great concern to public health, with over one million lives lost since 1999. While many efforts have been made to mitigate these, Black communities continue to experience a greater burden of fatalities than their white counterparts. This study aims to explore why by working with Black community members in Indianapolis through semi-structured interviews.
methodsSemi-structured one-on-one in-depth interviews were conducted in spring and summer of 2023 with Black residents (N = 23) of zip codes 46202, 46205, 46208, and 46218 in Indianapolis. Ten interview questions were used to facilitate conversations about opioid overdoses, recovery, fatality prevention tools such as calling 911 and naloxone, law enforcement, and racism. Data were analyzed using grounded theory and thematic analysis.
resultsInterviews revealed access barriers and intervention opportunities. Racism was present in both. Mental access barriers such as stigma, fear, and mistrust contributed to practical barriers such as knowledge of how to administer naloxone. Racism exacerbated mental barriers by adding the risk of race-based mistreatment to consequences related to association with substance use. Participants discussed the double stigma of substance use and being Black, fear of being searched in law enforcement encounters and what would happen if law enforcement found naloxone on them, and mistrust of law enforcement and institutions that provide medical intervention. Participants had favorable views of interventions that incorporated mutual aid and discussed ideas for future interventions that included this framework.
conclusionsRacism exacerbates Blacks' mental access barriers (i.e., help-seeking barriers), which, in turn, contribute to practical barriers, such as calling 911 and administering naloxone. Information and resources coming from people within marginalized communities tend to be trusted. Leveraging inter-community relationships may increase engagement in opioid overdose fatality prevention. Interventions and resources directed toward addressing opioid overdose fatalities in Black communities should use mutual aid frameworks to increase the utilization of the tools they provide.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.