ArticleBMJ paediatrics open2023
Early detection of neurodevelopmental disorders in African children living in informal settlements in Nairobi.
Article in BMJ paediatrics open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuropsychiatric Outcomes in Children and Adolescents With Perinatally Acquired HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Pooled it
- Predicting off-track development in infants aged 0-6 months in low-resource settings using machine learning.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Early life trajectories of head circumference predict executive function and fluid cognitive skills at age 4 in Kenya.Journal of developmental origins of health and disease · 2025Article
- Screening young children for neurodevelopmental differences in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- A Systematic Review of Neurodevelopmental Tools for Preterm Infants During Infancy: Mapping the Components Across Infant Age Quarters.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine · 2025Review
- Clinical Profile of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children at a Tertiary Care Center.Cureus · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChildren in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) are at a substantially increased risk of delayed physical, emotional and sociocognitive outcomes, with consequential neurodevelopmental disorders. Evidence based, cost-effective and culturally appropriate screening tools are recommended for early identification of developmental disorders.
methodsThe present study aims to assess the feasibility of early screening for neurodevelopmental disorders in children living in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya (Korogocho). The selected tools (ie, the CDC checklist and the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised (M-CHAT-R)), widely used in high-income countries, are applied in two different populations: one from Kenya (LMIC) and one from Italy, to compare the different scores.
resultsOf 509 children screened, 8.6% were classified at-risk based on the results of the screening tools. Significant risk factors are history of low birth weight and Apgar score, presence of neurological disorders, malnutrition and/or rickets, younger age of the child and older age of the mother. Caesarean section delivery, first pregnancy and mothers' older age were common risk factors among the Kenyan and the Italian samples. The Italian sample had a significantly greater rate of missed milestones.
conclusionsOur data demonstrate the feasibility of using the CDC and M-CHAT-R tools in informal settlement dwellers. Further studies are needed to explore the opportunity for early diagnosis of developmental disorders in LMICs.
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Registered trials
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