ArticleMethods and protocols2023
A Simple and Fast Method for the Formation and Downstream Processing of Cancer-Cell-Derived 3D Spheroids: An Example Using Nicotine-Treated A549 Lung Cancer 3D Spheres.
Article in Methods and protocols, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lactoferrin-Derived Peptides in Cancer Therapy: Structural Features, Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Translation Prospects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Visualization, Data Extraction, and Multiparametric Analysis of 3D Pancreatic and Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines for High-Throughput Screening.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- TRPM4 contributes to cell death in prostate cancer tumor spheroids, and to extravasation and metastasis in a zebrafish xenograft model system.Molecular oncology · 2025Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although 2D in vitro cancer cell cultures have been used for decades as a first line-of-research tool to investigate antitumoral drugs and treatments, their use presents many drawbacks, including the poor resemblance of such cultures to the characteristics of in vivo tumors. To mitigate these drawbacks, 3D culture models have emerged as a more representative alternative. Cancer cells cultured as 3D structures have the advantage of resembling solid tumors in their architecture and in their resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs, in part because of restrained drug penetration. Additionally, these 3D structures create a more physiological environment for the study of immune cell invasion and migration, comparable to solid tumors. In this paper, we describe a fast and cost-effective step-by-step protocol for the generation of 3D spheres using ultra-low-attachment (ULA) multiwell plates, which can be incorporated into the normal workflow of any laboratory. Using this protocol, spheroids of different human cancer cell lines can be obtained and can then be characterized on the basis of their morphology, viability, and expression of specific markers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.