ArticleCureus2023
Root Canal Morphology of Premolars in Saudis.
Article in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of root morphology and canal configuration of permanent premolars using cone-beam computed tomography.BMC oral health · 2024Pooled it
- Root canal and nasopalatine canal morphology in a Guangxi population: a cone-beam CT study on regional variations.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Maxillary First Premolars' Internal Morphology: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Dentistry journal · 2025Review
- Article
- Evaluation of Students' Proficiency in Removing Gutta-Percha Prior to Fiber Post Placement: A Retrospective Study.Cureus · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimThis study aimed to evaluate root number and morphological variations of the root canal system in maxillary and mandibular premolars among the Saudi subpopulation. METHODOLOGY: A total of 500 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were assessed, including 2442 maxillary and mandibular premolars. The evaluation encompassed the number of roots and canals and their configuration based on the Vertucci classification. Gender differences were considered, along with the position of premolars and unilateral or bilateral symmetry.
resultsMaxillary first premolars predominantly exhibited two roots (82.6%), followed by one root (16.3%) and three roots (0.97%), with a majority having two root canals (83.6%). Regarding maxillary second premolars, the most common morphology was one root (66.6%), with two root canals (40.5%) observed more frequently than one root canal (38.1%). Mandibular first and second premolars mainly featured one root (84.8% and 96.1%, respectively) with one root canal (70.8% and 90.2%, respectively), whereas two root canals were less prevalent (2.3% and 1.8%, respectively). Three canals and three roots were rarely found in mandibular premolars (0.3%). Regarding maxillary premolars, males exhibited significantly higher type IV and mandibular type I root configurations compared with females. Conversely, regarding mandibular premolars, females showed significant mandibular type V and higher type I root configurations compared with males.
conclusionCBCT imaging facilitated precise assessment of root morphology and root canal configurations in maxillary and mandibular premolars. The present findings can aid dentists in diagnosing, evaluating case difficulty, and devising effective root canal treatments, particularly in patients from Saudi Arabia.
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Registered trials
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