ArticleAndrology2025
Paternal pre-conceptional smoking and semen quality in the adult son.
Article in Andrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of active and passive smoking with adolescent asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Beyond Genes: Mechanistic and Epidemiological Insights into Paternal Environmental Influence on Offspring Health.Current environmental health reports · 2025Review
- Article
- Bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study of association between smoking initiation and atrial fibrillation.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGrowing evidence suggests intergenerational effects of paternal pre-conceptional smoking through the germ line, but its specific impact on offspring semen quality remains uncertain because of challenges in isolating paternal exposure from maternal passive smoking or underreporting.
methodsWe reran previous analyses estimating differences in semen parameters and testicular size according to paternal smoking in 867 young adult men, adding first-trimester maternal plasma cotinine to the original adjustment for maternal self-reported smoking. We also estimated differences in sperm DNA fragmentation. Paternal smoking was reported by the pregnant women around gestational week 16. Analyses were additionally adjusted for household occupational status, parental ages at birth, maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and alcohol consumption, and abstinence time, and accounted for spillage, minutes from ejaculation to analysis, and son's own smoking.
resultsWe found no association between paternal preconceptional smoking and any of the semen parameters or testicular size. Adjustment for son's own smoking did not change results. DISCUSSION: While maternal plasma cotinine offers an objective measure of tobacco exposure and allows for a more thorough adjustment of maternal smoking, the high correlation between paternal pre-conceptional smoking and maternal cotinine exposure may, have resulted in overadjustment removing some paternal effect. Inability to distinguish between paternal never smokers and former smokers, may have led to misclassification of paternal pre-conceptional smoking and underestimation of associations.
conclusionWe found no support for an independent association between paternal pre-conceptional smoking and semen quality in young adult sons, but studies with more detailed paternal smoking history are needed before firm conclusions can be drawn.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.