ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2024
Jail Healthcare Staffing in the US Southeast: a Cross-Sectional Survey.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Mental health issues and associated factors amongst healthcare workers in US forensic-correctional settings: a systematic review of literature since the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC health services research · 2026Pooled it
- Health Workforce Staffing in Immigration Prisons.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- U.S. Jails and fatal drug overdoses: patterns, predictors and the role of rehabilitative contexts.Health & justice · 2025Article
- Factors contributing to the expansion of medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) within the New Hampshire Department of Corrections (NHDOC).Health & justice · 2025Article
- Barriers to Universal Availability of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in US Jails.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Enduring Inequality in Diabetes and Hypertension Management in Thai Prisons: A Qualitative Study.Journal of patient experience · 2025Article
- "It's easier to take a pill than fix a problem:" qualitative analysis of barriers and facilitators to antimicrobial stewardship program implementation in carceral settings.BMC global and public health · 2024Article
- Health equity for people living in correctional facilities: Addressing bias, stigma, and dehumanization.Research in nursing & health · 2024Article
- Differences in Hospitalization and Inpatient Death Patterns by Incarceration Status in 31 US Jurisdictions, 2021.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundJails annually incarcerate millions of people with health problems, yet jail healthcare services have not been well described.
objectiveTo describe jail healthcare staffing.
designPhone-administered survey conducted October 2020 to May 2021.
settingCounty jails in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama.
participantsJail personnel "most knowledgeable" about jail healthcare. MAIN MEASURES: Weekly on-site healthcare coverage rate (hours per 100 incarcerated person-weeks [IPWs]) by personnel type; telemedicine rates and detention officers' healthcare duties. KEY
resultsSurvey response rate was 73% (254/346). Among surveyed jails, 71% had on-site non-psychiatric providers (e.g., physicians, physician assistants) (median of 3.3 h per 100 IPWs); 90% had on-site nursing (median of 57.0 h per 100 IPWs) including 50% with on-site registered nurses (median of 25 h per 100 IPWs) and 70% with on-site licensed practical nurses (median of 52 h per 100 IPWs); 9% had on-site psychiatric providers (median of 1.6 h per 100 PWs). Telemedicine was used for primary care in 13% of jails (median 2.1 h per 100 IPW); for mental healthcare in 55% (median 2.1 h per 100 IPW); and for other specialties in 5% (median 1.0 h per 100 IPW). In 81% of jails, officers conducted medical intake and in 58% assessed urgency of medical requests (i.e., "sick call"). The number of officers' healthcare responsibilities increased inversely with weekly nursing coverage.
conclusionsNearly 30% of surveyed jails routinely lacked on-site healthcare providers and in most other jails providers' on-site presence was modest. Jails relied heavily on LPNs and officers for care, resulting in missed opportunities for care and potentially endangering incarcerated persons.
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