ArticlePediatric neurology2023
Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Incidence Over Time Within a Modern US Birth Cohort.
Article in Pediatric neurology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07305350 (EFFICACY OF MELATONIN IN MANAGEMENT OF HYPOXIC ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY), which is not on this map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of melatonin in management of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (hie) in neonates
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing Early Severity of Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: The Role of Electroencephalogram Background in Addition to Sarnat Exam.The Journal of pediatrics · 2025Trial
- Pediatric spasticity in Brazil: insights from a neurosurgical referral center.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2026Article
- Temporal profile of serum orexin-A in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: a prospective longitudinal study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Observational
- German Hypothermia Registry Improves Clinician Confidence and Harmonises Decentralised Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy Care in Germany.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- Time-surrogate variables enhance the association between cardiotocographic features and intrapartum hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Neonatal and Infant Health Outcomes Following Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination: CDC's COVID-19 Vaccine Pregnancy Registry.Journal of pediatric health care : official publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners · 2026Article
- Brain imaging as a predictor of neurodevelopmental outcomes in neonatal encephalopathy.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- MW-FlexNIRS: wearable, low-cost, LED-based, multi-wavelength NIRS oximeter for cytochrome c oxidase recovery in neonates.Biomedical optics express · 2026Article
- Dexmedetomidine versus opioids for sedation during therapeutic hypothermia in neonatal HIE: efficacy, safety, and dose-response relationship.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Volumetric differences in the brain in children with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy after therapeutic hypothermia: a review of MRI findings.Polish journal of radiology · 2026Review
- Trends and disparities in infant mortality from intrauterine hypoxia and birth asphyxia in the United States, 1999-2023.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Maternal fever during labor and the risk of neonatal encephalopathy: duration and magnitude of hyperthermia.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2025Article
- Neonatal encephalopathy and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: the state of the art.Pediatric research · 2025Review
- Shifting outlooks after neonatal encephalopathy in the era of therapeutic hypothermia.Pediatric research · 2025Review
- Ferroptosis in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: Mechanisms and the Therapeutic Potential of Vitamin D/VDR Signaling.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Antibiotic use in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy undergoing therapeutic hypothermia: time to rethink universal empirical treatment.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Maternal Social Determinants of Health and Risk of Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.JAMA neurology · 2025Article
- Analysis of Energy Metabolism and Lipid Spatial Distribution in Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Revealed by MALDI-MSI.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Neuroprotection for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: A review of novel therapies evaluated in clinical studies.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2025Review
- Translating time: Challenges, progress, and future directions.Brain research bulletin · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRecent studies suggest that the incidence of perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) may be increasing in developed countries. However, this observed increase may be due to increased ascertainment and increased treatment with therapeutic hypothermia rather than an increase in disease burden. In a US population-based cross-sectional study, we determined the incidence of perinatal HIE over time.
methodsThe study population included all 289,793 live-born infants ≥35 weeks gestational age born at 15 Kaiser Permanente Northern California hospitals between 2012 and 2019. Perinatal HIE was defined as the presence of both neonatal acidosis (i.e., cord blood pH < 7 or base deficit ≥10, or base deficit ≥10 on first infant gas) and neonatal encephalopathy confirmed by medical record review. Hospital discharge diagnoses of HIE were determined by extracting International Classification of Disease diagnostic codes for HIE assigned upon hospital discharge.
resultsThe population incidence of perinatal HIE was 1.7 per 1000. Although the incidence of perinatal HIE did not change significantly, both hospital discharge diagnoses of HIE and treatment with therapeutic hypothermia increased significantly during the study period. The sensitivity and positive predictive value of a hospital discharge diagnosis of HIE for identifying perinatal HIE confirmed by chart review were 72% and 79%, respectively.
conclusionsDuring the study years, the incidence of perinatal HIE remained stable despite increases in hospital discharge diagnoses of HIE and in the use of therapeutic hypothermia. Our findings underscore the importance of applying stringent diagnostic criteria when diagnosing this complex condition.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.