ArticleAutophagy2024
ATG9 resides on a unique population of small vesicles in presynaptic nerve terminals.
Article in Autophagy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lipid flip-flop in biological membranes: through the lens of TMEM16F.Physiological reviews · 2027Review
- A lipid transfer-dependent feedback loop activates ATG9A compartments in autophagy initiation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Roles of autophagy in brain homeostasis and disease.Nature neuroscience · 2026Review
- Synaptic vesicles that store monoamines and glutamate differ in protein composition.Science advances · 2026Article
- Autophagy and mitophagy at the synapse and beyond: implications for learning, memory and neurological disorders.Autophagy · 2026Review
- Age-dependent removal of Atg9-containing vesicle accumulations in motoneuron disease models by physical exercise.Translational neurodegeneration · 2025Article
- NDR2 regulates non-small cell lung cancer cell migration under starvation by supporting autophagosome biogenesis through LC3 and ATG9A regulation.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- Article
- The synaptic vesicle cluster as a controller of pre- and postsynaptic structure and function.The Journal of physiology · 2025Review
- Soma-localized Rab39 inhibits synaptic autophagy by controlling trafficking of Atg9 vesicles.The EMBO journal · 2025Article
- MINFLUX Nanoscopy: A "Brilliant" Technique Promising Major Breakthrough.Microscopy research and technique · 2025Review
- Turning garbage into gold: Autophagy in synaptic function.Current opinion in neurobiology · 2025Review
- Navigating the neuronal recycling bin: Another look at huntingtin in coordinating autophagy.Autophagy reports · 2025Review
- Advances in the mechanism of small extracellular vesicles promoting the development of hepatocellular carcinoma through multi-network fusion.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Review
- Plekhg5 controls the unconventional secretion of Sod1 by presynaptic secretory autophagy.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Monitoring of activity-driven trafficking of endogenous synaptic proteins through proximity labeling.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- Absence of ATG9A and synaptophysin demixing on Rab5 mutation-induced giant endosomes.Molecular brain · 2024Article
- Autophagy: Are Amino Acid Signals Dependent on the mTORC1 Pathway or Independent?Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In neurons, autophagosome biogenesis occurs mainly in distal axons, followed by maturation during retrograde transport. Autophagosomal growth depends on the supply of membrane lipids which requires small vesicles containing ATG9, a lipid scramblase essential for macroautophagy/autophagy. Here, we show that ATG9-containing vesicles are enriched in synapses and resemble synaptic vesicles in size and density. The proteome of ATG9-containing vesicles immuno-isolated from nerve terminals showed conspicuously low levels of trafficking proteins except of the AP2-complex and some enzymes involved in endosomal phosphatidylinositol metabolism. Super resolution microscopy of nerve terminals and isolated vesicles revealed that ATG9-containing vesicles represent a distinct vesicle population with limited overlap not only with synaptic vesicles but also other membranes of the secretory pathway, uncovering a surprising heterogeneity in their membrane composition. Our results are compatible with the view that ATG9-containing vesicles function as lipid shuttles that scavenge membrane lipids from various intracellular membranes to support autophagosome biogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.