ArticleBMJ global health2023
How can global guidelines support sustainable hygiene systems?
Abstract read
In one paragraph
Article in BMJ global health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Interventions to improve hand hygiene in community settings: a systematic review of theories, barriers and enablers, behaviour change techniques and hand hygiene station design features.BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- Behavioural factors influencing hand hygiene practices across domestic, institutional and public community settings: a systematic review and qualitative meta-synthesis.BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- Minimum material requirements for hand hygiene in community settings: a systematic review.BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and effectiveness of hand hygiene-related practices used in community settings for removal of organisms from hands: a systematic review.BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of measures taken by governments to support hand hygiene in community settings: a systematic review.BMJ global health · 2025Pooled it
- Mapping policy gaps and governance challenges in Kenya's hand hygiene environment: a health policy triangle analysis.Health policy and planning · 2026Article
- A simple approach to identifying community and healthcare locations for hand hygiene interventions during public health emergencies - Uganda, 2020-2022.Discover public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
48 authors.
Joanna Esteves MillsWater, Sanitation, Hygiene and Health Unit, Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland jestevesmills@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-5220-1424
Ann ThomasUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), New York, New York, USA.
Nadia AbdallaWater, Sanitation, Hygiene and Health Unit, Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.
Rola El-AlamWHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Amman, Jordan.
Kahtan Al-ShabiWHO Country Office, Sana'a, Yemen.
Mary Eyram AshinyoDepartment of Quality Assurance, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana.
Fodé Ousmane BangouraWHO Country Office, Conakry, Guinea.
Katrina CharlesUniversity of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jenala ChipunguCentre for Infectious Disease Research, Zambia (CIDRZ), Lusaka, Zambia.
Arnold Oredola ColeUNICEF Regional Office for East and Southern Africa, Nairobi, Kenya.
Betsy EngebretsonWater, Sanitation, Hygiene and Health Unit, Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.
Kitka GoyolUNICEF Ethiopia Country Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Catherine Fallon GrashamUniversity of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Valentina GrossiEuropean Centre for Environment & Health, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Bonn, Germany.
Sophie HicklingWaterAid, London, UK.
Safo KalandarovWHO Tajikistan Country Office, Dushanbe, Tajikistan.
Alemu Kejela AbabuMinistry of Health, Government of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Karimzoda KholmuhammadMinistry of Health & Social Protection, Government of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan.
Nicole Klaesener-MetznerUNICEF Regional Office for South Asia, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Ziggy KugederaUNICEF Pakistan Country Office, Lahore, Pakistan.
Akosua KwakyeWHO Ghana Country Office, Accra, Ghana.
Andrea Lee-LlacerDepartment of Health, Government of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines.
Pauke P MaaniDepartment of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Funafuti, Tuvalu.
Belinda MakhafolaMinistry of Health, Government of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
Alyaa MohamedWHO Iraq Country Office, Baghdad, Iraq.
Md Monirul AlamUNICEF Bangladesh Country Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Bella MonseGerman Agency for International Cooperation, Bonn, Germany.
Henry NorthoverGlobal Consultant, London, UK.
Aarin PalomaresGlobal Handwashing Partnership, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Nilusha PatabendiUNICEF Sri Lanka Country Office, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
Nathaniel PaynterUnited Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), New York, New York, USA.
Om Prasad-GautamWaterAid, London, UK.
Sudan Raj PanthiEnvironmental Health, World Health Organization, Kathmandu, Nepal.ORCID 0000-0001-5842-8227
Lisa RudgeForeign Commonwealth & Development Office, Government of the United Kingdom, London, UK.
Shiny SahaIRC India, New Delhi, India.
Ion SalaruNational Agency for Public Health, Government of the Republic of Moldova, Chisinau, Moldova (the Republic of).
Gustavo SaltielWorld Bank, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Laurent SaxHealth Emergency Interventions, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Mir Abdus ShahidDepartment of Public Health Engineering, Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Mahmud Shamsul GafurWHO Bangladesh Country Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Siddhi ShresthaUNICEF Nepal Country Office, Lalitpur, Nepal.
Katalin SzeberényiNational Center for Public Health, Government of Hungary, Budapest, Hungary.
James Benjamin TidwellWorld Vision International, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5868-6584
Victoria TriniesCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Osman YihaWHO Ethiopia Country Office, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Ruslan ZiganshinUNICEF Tajikistan Country Office, Dushanbe, Tajikistan.
Bruce GordonWater, Sanitation, Hygiene and Health Unit, Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland.
Oliver CummingLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5074-8709
Funding
World Health Organization 001
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
HygienePublic HealthHumansEnvironmental healthHealth policyHygienePublic Health
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
None linked
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.