ArticlePsychopharmacology2025
Psychedelic use and psychiatric risks.
Article in Psychopharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychedelic-induced hypomania and mania: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Psilocybin therapy for mood dysfunction in Parkinson's disease: an open-label pilot trial.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Clinical Characteristics of Emergency Visits Related to Recreational Psychedelic Use.Community mental health journal · 2026Article
- Review
- The intersection between psychedelics and schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Reevaluating risk and therapeutic potential.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- Changes over time in hallucinogen-related emergency department visits in Ontario, Canada.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Psychedelics in treatment-resistant depression: a comprehensive review of mechanisms, clinical evidence, and recommendations.Neuropsychiatrie : Klinik, Diagnostik, Therapie und Rehabilitation : Organ der Gesellschaft Osterreichischer Nervenarzte und Psychiater · 2026Review
- Association Between Lifetime Hallucinogen Use and Valvular Heart Disease: Findings from the All of Us Research Program.Journal of psychoactive drugs · 2026Article
- Classifying Psychedelic-Related Complications.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Naturalistic Psychedelic Use and Psychotic Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Study of Individuals with a Personal or Family History of Psychotic or Bipolar Disorders.Psychedelic medicine (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Longitudinal associations of naturalistic psychedelic use with psychotic and manic symptoms.Psychological medicine · 2025Observational
- Association of Hallucinogen Use With Psychosocial Outcomes: Secondary Analysis of the Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems Database.Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Article
- Examining the Gateway Hypothesis and Mapping Substance Use Pathways on Social Media: Machine Learning Approach.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- Longitudinal associations between psychedelic use and psychotic symptoms in the United States and the United Kingdom.Journal of affective disorders · 2024Article
- Case Files of the Emory University Medical Toxicology Fellowship: A Patient Presents to the Outpatient Toxicology Clinic with Delusions of Being Poisoned.Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2024Article
- Longitudinal associations between psychedelic use and unusual visual experiences in the United States and the United Kingdom.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleResearch on psychedelics has recently shown promising results in the treatment of various psychiatric disorders, but relatively little remains known about the psychiatric risks associated with naturalistic use of psychedelics.
objectiveThe objective of the current study was to investigate associations between naturalistic psychedelic use and psychiatric risks.
methodsUsing a sample representative of the US adult population with regard to sex, age, and ethnicity (N=2822), this study investigated associations between lifetime naturalistic psychedelic use, lifetime unusual visual experiences, and past 2-week psychotic symptoms.
resultsAmong respondents who reported lifetime psychedelic use (n=613), 1.3% reported having been told by a doctor or other medical professional that they had hallucinogen persisting perception disorder. In covariate-adjusted linear regression models, lifetime psychedelic use was associated with more unusual visual experiences at any point across the lifetime, but no association was observed between lifetime psychedelic use and past 2-week psychotic symptoms. There was an interaction between lifetime psychedelic use and family (but not personal) history of psychotic or bipolar disorders on past 2-week psychotic symptoms such that psychotic symptoms were highest among respondents who reported lifetime psychedelic use and a family history of psychotic or bipolar disorders and lowest among those who reported lifetime psychedelic use and no family history of psychotic or bipolar disorders.
conclusionsAlthough the results in this study should be interpreted with caution, the findings suggest that lifetime naturalistic use of psychedelics might be associated with more unusual visual experiences across the lifetime, as well as more psychotic symptoms in the past 2 weeks for individuals with a family history of psychotic or bipolar disorders and the reverse for those without such a family history. Future research should distinguish between different psychotic and bipolar disorders and should also utilize other research designs (e.g., longitudinal) and variables (e.g., polygenic risk scores) to better understand potential cause-and-effect relationships.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.