SynthesisJournal of Korean medical science2023
Causes for Retraction in the Biomedical Literature: A Systematic Review of Studies of Retraction Notices.
Synthesis in Journal of Korean medical science, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Retractions of Health Economic Evaluations: A Systematic Review.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic analysis of temporal trends, characteristics, and citations of retracted stem cell publications.BMC medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Retractions in the field of pregnancy and pain: bibliometric characteristics, reasons, and trends.Rheumatology international · 2026Article
- Retractions in Rheumatology: Trends, Causes, and Implications for Research Integrity.Arthritis care & research · 2026Article
- Retractions of publications on central nervous system tumors based on the Retraction Watch Database.Chinese neurosurgical journal · 2026Article
- Statistical Competence and Editorial Policies in Biomedical Publications.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Review
- Applications of Large Language Models in Ovarian Cancer Management: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Cost of Retracted Articles to the NIH: a Living Analysis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Retracted Publications Related to Statistics: A Scopus-Based Bibliometric Analysis.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Article
- Publication and Retraction Activity in the Field of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Origins, Concerns, and Perspectives.Journal of Korean medical science · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence as a Safeguard for Clinical Scientific Integrity: A Human-AI Hybrid Model for Medical Peer Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Analysis of Retracted Publications in the Diabetes Literature.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2026Article
- Effect of Obesity on Perioperative Outcomes Following Lung Cancer Surgery: Protocol for a Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Comprehensive bibliometric analysis of characteristics, patterns, and causes of retractions in pediatric literature.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Review
- Risk of bias and low reproducibility in meta-analytic evidence from fast-tracked publications during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.PNAS nexus · 2025Article
- Inferential statistics for cardiothoracic surgeons: Part 3 - drawing valid conclusions from clinical data.Indian journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2025Article
- Linking citation and retraction data reveals the demographics of scientific retractions among highly cited authors.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Article
- QR codes and international databases: promoting transparency in IRB approvals for medical research.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Incurred Subject Period Re-analysis (ISPR) as a Tool to Distinguish Fraudulent Pharmacokinetic Profile Pairs from Non-fraudulent Pairs.The AAPS journal · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany studies have evaluated the prevalence of different reasons for retraction in samples of retraction notices. We aimed to perform a systematic review of such empirical studies of retraction causes.
methodsThe PubMed/MEDLINE database and the Embase database were searched in June 2023. Eligible studies were those containing sufficient data on the reasons for retraction across samples of examined retracted notices.
resultsA 11,181 potentially eligible items were identified, and 43 studies of retractions were included in this systematic review. Studies limited to retraction notices of a specific subspecialty or country, journal/publication type are emerging since 2015. We noticed that the reasons for retraction are becoming more specific and more diverse. In a meta-analysis of 17 studies focused on different subspecialties, misconduct was responsible for 60% (95% confidence interval [CI], 53-67%) of all retractions while error and publication issues contributed to 17% (95% CI, 12-22%) and 9% (95% CI, 6-13%), respectively. The end year of the retraction period in all included studies and the proportion of misconduct presented a weak positive association (coefficient = 1.3% per year,
conclusionMisconduct seems to be the most frequently recorded reason for retraction across empirical analyses of retraction notices, but other reasons are not negligible. Greater specificity of causes and standardization is needed in retraction notices.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.