ArticleFrontiers of medicine2024
Tumor-derived exosomes induce initial activation by exosomal CD19 antigen but impair the function of CD19-specific CAR T-cells via TGF-β signaling.
Article in Frontiers of medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular vesicles in the immune regulation of hematological malignancies: mechanisms, prognostic significance, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Engineering Extracellular Vesicles for Tumor Targeted Therapy: Source Optimization, Modification, and Clinical Application.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Research progress on the roles of extracellular vesicles in tumor immunity and drug resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Target neutrophil heterogeneity and plasticity in cancer.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Tumor-derived exosomes and their application in cancer treatment.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Expression of vesiculation-related genes is associated with a tumor-promoting microenvironment: a pan-cancer analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles in tumor immunity: mechanisms and novel insights.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Crosstalk Between Extracellular Vesicles and Regulatory T Cells Across Cancers: From Interaction to Therapeutic Potential.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Focusing on exosomes to overcome the existing bottlenecks of CAR-T cell therapy.Inflammation and regeneration · 2024Review
- Influencing immunity: role of extracellular vesicles in tumor immune checkpoint dynamics.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) enriched in immune suppressive molecules predominantly drive T-cell dysfunction and impair antitumor immunity. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has emerged as a promising treatment for refractory and relapsed hematological malignancies, but whether lymphoma TEXs have the same impact on CAR T-cell remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that B-cell lymphoma-derived exosomes induce the initial activation of CD19-CAR T-cells upon stimulation with exosomal CD19. However, lymphoma TEXs might subsequently induce CAR T-cell apoptosis and impair the tumor cytotoxicity of the cells because of the upregulated expression of the inhibitory receptors PD-1, TIM3, and LAG3 upon prolonged exposure. Similar results were observed in the CAR T-cells exposed to plasma exosomes from patients with lymphoma. More importantly, single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that CAR T-cells typically showed differentiated phenotypes and regulatory T-cell (Treg) phenotype conversion. By blocking transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-Smad3 signaling with TGF-β inhibitor LY2109761, the negative effects of TEXs on Treg conversion, terminal differentiation, and immune checkpoint expression were rescued. Collectively, although TEXs lead to the initial activation of CAR T-cells, the effect of TEXs suppressed CAR T-cells, which can be rescued by LY2109761. A treatment regimen combining CAR T-cell therapy and TGF-β inhibitors might be a novel therapeutic strategy for refractory and relapsed B-cell lymphoma.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.