ArticleSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2024
Lipid Nanoparticle Encapsulation Empowers Poly(I:C) to Activate Cytoplasmic RLRs and Thereby Increases Its Adjuvanticity.
Article in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- How vaccine research took me on an international journey.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Lipid Nanoparticle-Encapsulated PolyI:C as an Adjuvant Enhances Both Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to the Hepatitis B Vaccine.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Article
- Lipid nanoparticle encapsulated TLR3 agonist adjuvant elicits potent T cell immunity against cancer and viruses.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Lipid nanoparticles as a tool to dissect dendritic cell maturation pathways.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Fabrication of RIG-I-Activating Nanoparticles for Intratumoral Immunotherapy via Flash Nanoprecipitation.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Intratumoral injection of R848 and poly(I:C) synergistically promoted antitumor immune responses by reprogramming macrophage polarization and activating DCs in lung cancer.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Article
- Regulating Immune Responses Induced by PEGylated Messenger RNA-Lipid Nanoparticle Vaccine.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Review
- Review
- Lipid nanoparticle composition for adjuvant formulation modulates disease after influenza virus infection in QIV vaccinated mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Lipid nanoparticle composition for adjuvant formulation modulates disease after influenza virus infection in quadrivalent influenza vaccine vaccinated mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Enhanced Cellular Immunity for Hepatitis B Virus Vaccine: A Novel Polyinosinic-Polycytidylic Acid-Incorporated Adjuvant Leveraging Cytoplasmic Retinoic Acid-Inducible Gene-Like Receptor Activation and Increased Antigen Uptake.Biomaterials research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Poly(I:C) is a synthetic analogue of dsRNA capable of activating both TLR3 and RLRs, such as MDA-5 and RIG-I, as pathogen recognition receptors. While poly(I:C) is known to provoke a robust type I IFN, type III IFN, and Th1 cytokine response, its therapeutic use as a vaccine adjuvant is limited due to its vulnerability to nucleases and poor uptake by immune cells. is encapsulated poly(I:C) into lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) containing an ionizable cationic lipid that can electrostatically interact with poly(I:C). LNP-formulated poly(I:C) triggered both lysosomal TLR3 and cytoplasmic RLRs, in vitro and in vivo, whereas poly(I:C) in an unformulated soluble form only triggered endosomal-localized TLR3. Administration of LNP-formulated poly(I:C) in mouse models led to efficient translocation to lymphoid tissue and concurrent innate immune activation following intramuscular (IM) administration, resulting in a significant increase in innate immune activation compared to unformulated soluble poly(I:C). When used as an adjuvant for recombinant full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, LNP-formulated poly(I:C) elicited potent anti-spike antibody titers, surpassing those of unformulated soluble poly(I:C) by orders of magnitude and offered complete protection against a SARS-CoV-2 viral challenge in vivo, and serum from these mice are capable of significantly reducing viral infection in vitro.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.