Trial reportJournal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry2024
Student- and School-Level Factors Associated With Mental Health and Well-Being in Early Adolescence.
Trial report in Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cumulative effect of multiple health and social factors on adolescent mental well-being: a cross-sectional study in Catalonia.Child and adolescent mental health · 2026Article
- Adolescents' trajectories of mental health in the MYRIAD trial.JCPP advances · 2026Article
- Multidimensional School Climate and Mental Health Among Chinese Vocational High School Students: The Role of Personal Growth Initiative.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Longitudinal Relationship Between Self-Reported Executive Function and Mental Health in Early Adolescence.JAACAP open · 2026Article
- Article
- The association of positive educational experiences with adolescents' depressive symptoms: longitudinal evidence from a trial cohort in English secondary schools.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The correlation between different types of negative life events and the mental health status of Han ethnic adolescents in Sichuan Province.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Health Action in ScHools for a Thriving Adolescent Generation (HASHTAG): a feasibility trial of a school-based intervention for mental health promotion and prevention among adolescents in South Africa.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Clinical research updates.Child and adolescent mental health · 2025Article
- Scoping review: potential harm from school-based group mental health interventions.Child and adolescent mental health · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Measurement Invariance of the Dual School Climate and School Identification Scale (SCASIM-St15) in Chilean Adolescents.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Associations of Perceived School and Year Group Climate with Mental Health Among Children Aged 7-to-11 Years.Child indicators research · 2025Article
- COVID-19 Pandemic School Disruptions and Acute Mental Health in Children and Adolescents.JAMA network open · 2024Observational
- Mapping Adolescent Mental Well-Being - 30 PLADs, China, 2019.China CDC weekly · 2024Article
- Stress, mental symptoms and well-being in students: a gender analysis.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAdolescence is a key developmental window that may determine long-term mental health. As schools may influence mental health of students, this study aimed to examine the association of school-level characteristics with students' mental health over time.
methodLongitudinal data from a cluster randomized controlled trial comprising 8,376 students (55% female; aged 11-14 years at baseline) across 84 schools in the United Kingdom were analyzed. Data collection started in the academic years 2016/2017 (cohort 1) and 2017/2018 (cohort 2), with follow-up at 1, 1.5, and 2 years. Students' mental health (risk for depression [Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale], social-emotional-behavioral difficulties [Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire]) and well-being (Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale) and relationships with student- and school-level characteristics were explored using multilevel regression models.
resultsMental health difficulties and poorer well-being increased over time, particularly in girls. Differences among schools represented a small but statistically significant proportion of variation (95% CI) in students' mental health at each time point: depression, 1.7% (0.9%-2.5%) to 2.5% (1.6%-3.4%); social-emotional-behavioral difficulties, 1.9% (1.1%-2.7%) to 2.8% (2.1%-3.5%); and well-being, 1.8% (0.9%-2.7%) to 2.2% (1.4%-3.0%). Better student-rated school climate analyzed as a time-varying factor at the student and school level was associated with lower risk of depression (regression coefficient [95%CI] student level: -4.25 [-4.48, -4.01]; school level: -4.28 [-5.81, -2.75]), fewer social-emotional-behavioral difficulties (student level: -2.46 [-2.57, -2.35]; school level: -2.36 [-3.08, -1.63]), and higher well-being (student level: 3.88 [3.70, 4.05]; school-level: 4.28 [3.17, 5.38]), which was a stable relationship.
conclusionStudent-rated school climate predicted mental health in early adolescence. Policy and system interventions that focus on school climate may promote students' mental health.
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