Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37865681›Full record

ArticleNature communications2023

Decline in Iran's groundwater recharge.

Roohollah Noori, Mohsen Maghrebi, Søren Jessen, Sayed M Bateni, Essam Heggy, Saman Javadi, Mojtaba Noury, Severin Pistre, Soroush Abolfathi, Amir AghaKouchak

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

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  5. Development and deployment of a groundwater quality prediction tool for Béchar, Southwest Algeria: benchmarking seven machine learning algorithms.Water science and technology : a journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Roohollah NooriGraduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. noor@ut.ac.ir.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7463-8563
Mohsen MaghrebiGraduate Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Søren JessenDepartment of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8207-6820
Sayed M BateniDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Essam HeggyViterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7476-2735
Saman JavadiDepartment of Water Engineering, College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Mojtaba NouryIran Water Resources Management Company, Ministry of Energy, Tehran, Iran.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4815-6277
Severin PistreHydroSciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6301-8801
Soroush AbolfathiSchool of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7319-4289
Amir AghaKouchakDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Irvine, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4689-8357

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Groundwater recharge feeds aquifers supplying fresh-water to a population over 80 million in Iran-a global hotspot for groundwater depletion. Using an extended database comprising abstractions from over one million groundwater wells, springs, and qanats, from 2002 to 2017, here we show a significant decline of around -3.8 mm/yr in the nationwide groundwater recharge. This decline is primarily attributed to unsustainable water and environmental resources management, exacerbated by decadal changes in climatic conditions. However, it is important to note that the former's contribution outweighs the latter. Our results show the average annual amount of nationwide groundwater recharge (i.e., ~40 mm/yr) is more than the reported average annual runoff in Iran (i.e., ~32 mm/yr), suggesting the surface water is the main contributor to groundwater recharge. Such a decline in groundwater recharge could further exacerbate the already dire aquifer depletion situation in Iran, with devastating consequences for the country's natural environment and socio-economic development.

Identifiers

PMID37865681
PMCPMC10590393

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.