ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine
Long-term outcome of epileptic dogs treated with implantable vagus nerve stimulators.
Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- The fecal metabolome and microbiome are altered in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy compared to healthy dogs.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Extended release huperzine for the treatment of idiopathic epilepsy in dogs - a Case Report.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Modified surgical procedure of corpus callosotomy: rostral corpus callosotomy via the transfrontal approach in dogs.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Long-term outcome of epileptic dogs treated with implantable vagus nerve stimulators.Journal of veterinary internal medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe long-term effect of implantable vagus nerve stimulators (VNS) on seizures has not been evaluated in epileptic dogs.
objectivesReport seizure frequency in medication-resistant epileptic dogs before and after VNS implantation. ANIMALS: Twelve client-owned dogs with idiopathic epilepsy and >1 seizure day per 3 weeks despite 3 months of appropriate use of 2 antiseizure medications and seizure diaries maintained 6 months before and >12 months after VNS implantation.
methodsUncontrolled, open-label, before and after study. Mean monthly seizures and inter-seizure periods obtained from contemporaneous seizure diaries in the 6 months before implantation were compared with 0 to 6 months, 7 to 12 months, and subsequent 12-month periods after implantation. The number of dogs with >50% decrease in seizure frequency, >3 times increase in inter-ictal period interval, and seizure freedom for >3 months at the time of death or last follow-up were recorded.
resultsFive of 12 dogs were euthanized <12 months after implantation. All 7 remaining dogs showed >50% decrease in seizure frequency until last follow-up, starting at a median of 37 to 48 months after implantation (range, 0-6 to 61-72 months) and a >3-fold increase in mean inter-seizure interval starting a median of 25 to 36 months after implantation (range, 0-6 months to 49-60 months), 3/7 dogs were seizure-free at death or last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Monthly seizure frequencies decreased and inter-seizure intervals increased in all dogs 2 to 3 years after VNS implantation, but a high proportion were euthanized before this time point. Prospective clinical trials are required to establish causality and the magnitude of this association.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.