ArticleJournal of the American Medical Directors Association2024
Out-of-Pocket Expenses for Long-Term Care by Dementia Status and Residential Setting among US Older Adults.
Article in Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between physical activity levels, sedentary time, and mild cognitive impairment in older adults.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Supporting family caregivers: Variations in caregiving among families managing chronic health conditions.The American psychologist · 2025Article
- "It may cost you your money, it costs you your life": a framework for financial hardship in dementia.The Gerontologist · 2025Article
- Characterizing financial risk from out-of-pocket expenditures across dementia stages.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Review
- Influential Attributes on Medical Expense for Korean Older Adults Based on Mental Accounting: Panel Data Analysis Using Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging Data.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Association between physical activity levels and mild cognitive impairment in Chinese older adults: a cross-sectional study from the China health and retirement longitudinal study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine long-term care out-of-pocket payments by dementia status and residential setting.
designCompare monthly out-of-pocket long-term care expenses paid to facilities and helpers, total monthly out-of-pocket long-term expenses and as a percentage of monthly income by dementia status and residential status (community, residential facility, and nursing home). SETTING AND
participantsUS Nationwide, 2019 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) respondents aged ≥70 years.
methodsWe analyzed respondent-level data from the nationally representative 2019 NHATS. Weighted descriptive statistics were calculated for long-term care payments by source and summarized by dementia status and the respondent's residential status.
resultsAmong 4505 respondents aged ≥70 years, 1750 (38.8%) had possible or probable dementia and 2755 (61.2%) had no dementia. The median monthly out-of-pocket long-term care expenses for persons with dementia was $1465 for those living in nursing homes, and $2925 for those living in other residential facilities, much higher than those with dementia living in the community ($260). Although these are similar to the median out-of-pocket payments for persons without dementia by setting, those with dementia were at greater risk of facing catastrophic out-of-pocket expenses for long-term care than those without dementia, with the 75th percentile value of out-of-pocket payment at $4566 among dementia adults living in non-nursing home residential care facilities, and $7500 for those in nursing homes, compared to $3694 and $3100 among those without dementia. At median, these expenses accounted for 100% of monthly income of respondents with dementia living in facilities. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Persons with dementia living in facilities often face substantial financial burdens from high out-of-pocket long-term care expenses. Policies that provide sufficient financial assistance are needed to address long-term care-related financial burdens experienced by older adults and their families, especially for those with dementia.
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Registered trials
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