ReviewFrontiers in endocrinology2023
Lupus and recurrent pregnancy loss: the role of female sex hormones and B cells.
Review in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk prediction models for pregnancy outcomes in recurrent pregnancy loss: a narrative systematic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- The DHCQ/HCQ metabolic ratio and CYP2C8 Genotype are associated with lipid profile improvement in systemic lupus erythematosus patients treated with hydroxychloroquine.Arthritis research & therapy · 2026Article
- Temporal trends in lupus pregnancy over four decades in a referral centre: pregnancy planning and hydroxychloroquine use are associated with improved outcomes.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2026Article
- Impact of systemic lupus erythematosus on the reproductive health of women before and after disease onset: an observational study.Rheumatology international · 2025Observational
- Exploring the Immunological Aspects and Treatments of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Recurrent Implantation Failure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Effect of estradiol valerate on humoral immune function in BALB/c mice after total hysterectomy.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2025Article
- Landscape of gut mucosal immune cells showed gap of follicular or memory B cells into plasma cells in immunological non-responders.Clinical and translational medicine · 2024Article
- Association of Anti-Ro/SSA and Anti-La/SSB Autoantibodies With Pregnancy Outcome in the General Population.Materia socio-medica · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a debilitating autoimmune disease characterized by uncontrolled activation of adaptive immunity, particularly B cells, which predominantly affects women in a 9 to 1 ratio compared to men. This stark sex disparity strongly suggests a role for female sex hormones in the disease's onset and progression. Indeed, it is widely recognized that estradiol not only enhances the survival of autoreactive B cells but also stimulates the production of autoantibodies associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, such as anti-nuclear antibodies and anti-dsDNA antibodies. Clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus typically emerge after puberty and persist throughout reproductive life. Furthermore, symptoms often exacerbate during the premenstrual period and pregnancy, as increased levels of estradiol can contribute to disease flares. Despite being fertile, women with lupus face a heightened risk of pregnancy-related complications, including pregnancy loss and stillbirth, which significantly surpass the rates observed in the healthy population. Therefore, this review aims to summarize and discuss the existing literature on the influence of female sex hormones on B-cell activation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, with a particular emphasis on their impact on pregnancy loss.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.