ArticleParasites & vectors2023
Hepatozoon spp. infection in wild canids in the eastern United States.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular-Based Detection of Vector-Borne Diseases in Shelter Dogs in Northern of Vietnam.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Canine vector-borne diseases: a changing world demands a new preventive strategy from veterinarians.Parasites & vectors · 2026Review
- Molecular detection and phylogeny ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Hepatozoon infections in domestic and wild Carnivora: etiology, prevalence, clinical disease, diagnosis and treatment, and redescription of Hepatozoon silvestris, H. martis, and H. ursi.Parasites & vectors · 2025Review
- Pathology and parasitology of free-ranging coyotes from Tennessee and South Carolina.PloS one · 2025Article
- Survey forInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2024Article
- A review of Hepatozoonosis caused byJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHepatozoon spp. are apicomplexan parasites known to cause musculoskeletal disease in a variety of animals. Two species are known to infect wild and domestic canids in the US: Hepatozoon canis and H. americanum.
methodsIn this study, blood, heart, and/or spleen samples were collected from 278 wild canids (180 coyotes, 93 red foxes, and 5 gray foxes) in the eastern US and tested via PCR for Hepatozoon. Histology slides of heart and skeletal muscle were assessed for Hepatozoon cysts and associated inflammation when fresh tissue was available (n = 96).
resultsHepatozoon spp. were found in 24.2% (59/278) of individuals, with Hepatozoon canis in 14.0% (34/278) and H. americanum in 10.7% (26/278). One coyote was positive for both H. canis and H. americanum. Foxes were more likely to be positive for H. canis than coyotes (23% and 7% respectively, P = 0.0008), while only coyotes were positive for H. americanum. Of the eight sampled states, H. canis was present in six (Louisiana, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia) while H. americanum was found in two southern states (South Carolina and Louisiana). Infection status was positively correlated with myositis and myocarditis, and heart or muscle cysts were found in 83% (5/6) of H. americanum-positive coyotes.
conclusionThis survey showed a moderate prevalence of H. canis and H. americanum in states where the parasite was previously unrecorded including South Carolina and Pennsylvania.
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