ArticleInfection2024
Self-sampled multi-anatomic site testing for uncovering the community burden of undiagnosed Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection in men who have sex with men.
Article in Infection, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- At-home specimen self-collection as an additional testing strategy for chlamydia and gonorrhoea: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Among Adolescents and Adults With Behavioral Vulnerability in Western Kenya.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2026Article
- Attitudes of Men Who Have Sex With Men Toward HIV Functional Cure: Community-Based Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Uptake and service preferences of human papillomavirus vaccination in men who have sex with men.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus infection in multi-anatomic sites in men who have sex with men.Epidemiology and infection · 2025Article
- Trends of chlamydia and gonorrhea infections by anatomic sites among men who have sex with men in south China: a surveillance analysis from 2018 to 2022.BMC public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo detect otherwise undiagnosed asymptomatic sexually transmitted infection (STI), and for estimating prevalence among men who have sex with men (MSM).
methodsIn this community-based study in Hong Kong, adult MSM were recruited. After completion of an online survey, free multi-anatomic sites self-sampling kits (urine specimens, pharyngeal and rectal swabs) for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) tests were delivered to requesting participants. Factors associated with STI positivity were analyzed in logistic regression.
resultsFrom September 2021 to October 2022, 712 MSM were recruited, with 86% aged 18-39, and 16% reported history of chemsex engagement. A majority (81%) had previously undergone HIV testing, 68% had ever tested for STI, and 35% previously diagnosed with STI. Totally 428 (60%) had requested self-sampling kits, and 276 (39%) returned collected samples. Among participants who returned the samples, about half had never been tested in the past and had no history of STI. Overall 21% tested positive for CT and/or NG (CT/NG)-CT positive 16% and NG positive 7%. By anatomic site, 16% of rectal swabs, 7% of pharyngeal swabs, but just 3% of urine specimens were CT/NG positive. The prevalence of CT/NG was not significantly different by history of STI diagnosis and testing.
conclusionSelf-sampled STI testing is a potentially useful means for enhancing uptake of screening in MSM in the community, which could uncover otherwise undiagnosed asymptomatic infections. Internet-based self-sampling for STI testing could complement the current clinic-based STI testing for supporting epidemiologic evaluation of STI control in the community.
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