ArticlePloS one2023
Differences in meningococcal disease incidence by health insurance type and among persons experiencing homelessness-United States, 2016-2019.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Inequalities in the risk and prevention of invasive meningococcal disease in the United States - A systematic literature review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Pooled it
- The persistent challenge of meningitis in the vaccine era: a three-decade longitudinal analysis of residual burden in the United States.Infection · 2026Article
- Risk of Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Children Aged <11 Years in the United States.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease in the United States: review of recent data and identified risk factors.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Meningococcal disease is a serious but rare disease in the United States. Prior publications suggest incidence differs among privately vs publicly-insured persons, and that incidence is higher among persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) than persons not known to be experiencing homelessness (non-PEH). Using insurance claims data for persons aged <1 to 64 years, we calculated meningococcal disease incidence among a population with employer-sponsored commercial insurance and persons enrolled in state Medicaid programs nationwide. We also examined meningococcal disease incidence by PEH status in Medicaid data. From 2016 through 2019, persons who met our study inclusion criteria contributed a total of 84,460,548 person-years (PYs) to our analysis of commercial insurance data and 253,496,622 PYs to our analysis of Medicaid data. Incidence was higher among persons enrolled in Medicaid (0.12 cases per 100,000 PYs) than persons with commercial insurance (0.06 cases per 100,000 PYs). Incidence was 3.17 cases per 100,000 PYs among PEH in Medicaid, 27 times higher than among non-PEH in Medicaid. Understanding the underlying drivers of the higher meningococcal disease incidence among PEH and persons enrolled in Medicaid may inform prevention strategies for populations experiencing a higher burden of disease.
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Registered trials
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