ReviewMedical oncology (Northwood, London, England)2023
TGF-β in correlation with tumor progression, immunosuppression and targeted therapy in colorectal cancer.
Review in Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of beta blockers on cancer neuroimmunology: a systematic review and meta-analysis of survival outcomes and immune modulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- RNF113A Promotes Colorectal Cancer Metastasis by Regulating TGF-β Pathway and EMT via Ubiquitin-Mediated Degradation of SNIP1.Balkan medical journal · 2026Article
- Fibronectin 1 mediates pressure-induced aggressive phenotypes in colorectal cancer cells and cancer stem cells.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Targeting cytokine/chemokine signaling to convert immunologically cold tumors into hot: Emerging strategies in cancer immunotherapy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Prognostic biomarkers of distant metastasis following curative-intent resection of early-stage rectal cancer.Clinical proteomics · 2026Article
- Integrative genomic profiling of iron homeostasis predicts clinical outcomes and identifies HAMP/hepcidin as a therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.Cell & bioscience · 2026Article
- Cytokines and Chemokines as Emerging Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Colorectal Cancer-Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Targeting inflammatory microenvironments: overcoming therapy resistance and immunosuppression.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Colorectal Cancer Progression and Bone Metastasis: Molecular Mechanisms, Tumor Microenvironment, and Tumor-Bone Crosstalk.Cancer management and research · 2026Review
- The metabolic environment within solid tumors drives a complex crosstalk between macrophages and NK cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Recent advancement in inflammatory biomarkers for cervical cancer diagnosis and therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- LncRNA-Mediated miR-145 Sponging Drives FN1 and CCND1 Expression: Prognostic and Therapeutic Targets in NSCLC.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Targeted protein degradation with small molecules for cancer immunotherapy.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Review
- Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Cells in Colorectal Cancer: Pioneering New Avenues in Solid Tumor Immunotherapy.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2025Review
- Potentiating CAR-T cell function in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by inverting the TGF-β signal.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Spatially segregated APOETheranostics · 2025Article
- Cytokine-based immunotherapy for gastric cancer: targeting inflammation for tumor control.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2025Review
- Exploring the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of SMAD4 in colorectal cancer.Cancer biology & therapy · 2024Review
- Glyburide Suppresses Inflammation-Related Colorectal Tumorigenesis Through Inhibition of NLRP3 Inflammasome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Myeloid‑derived suppressor cells: Key immunosuppressive regulators and therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer (Review).International journal of oncology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex malignancy responsible for the second-highest cancer deaths worldwide. TGF-β maintains normal cellular homeostasis by inhibiting the cell cycle and inducing apoptosis, but its elevated level is correlated with colorectal cancer progression, as TGF-β is a master regulator of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, a critical step of metastasis. Tumors, including CRC, use elevated TGF-β levels to avoid immune surveillance by modulating immune cell differentiation, proliferation, and effector function. Presently, the treatment of advanced CRC is mainly based on chemotherapy, with multiple adverse effects. Thus, there is a need to develop alternate tactics because CRC continue to be mostly resistant to the present therapeutic regimen. TGF-β blockade has emerged as a promising therapeutic target in cancer therapy. Blocking TGF-β with phytochemicals and other molecules, such as antisense oligonucleotides, monoclonal antibodies, and bifunctional traps, alone or in combination, may be a safer and more effective way to treat CRC. Furthermore, combination immunotherapy comprising TGF-β blockers and immune checkpoint inhibitors is gaining popularity because both molecules work synergistically to suppress the immune system. Here, we summarize the current understanding of TGF-β as a therapeutic target for managing CRC and its context-dependent tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressing nature.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.