ArticleJournal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFP
The relationship between salivary alpha-amylase, nitric oxide, pain and anxiety-induced stress in patients during dental treatment.
Article in Journal of oral and maxillofacial pathology : JOMFP. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.
- Case Report: Challenges of orthodontic treatment in patients with autism spectrum disorders diagnosed in adulthood.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Changes in salivary biomarkers of burning mouth syndrome patients after clonazepam treatment.Journal of oral & facial pain and headache · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Pain and anxiety are the most reported negative effect of orthodontic treatment which can influence the quality of life and are responsible for the discontinuation of treatment. These unpleasant experiences raise the stress levels reflected by the increase in the concentration of salivary alpha-amylase and nitric oxide. These can be assessed through various subjective methods which have limited value as it depends on the patient's honesty, assessing whether using objective methods are reliable. Objectives: To assess pain and anxiety-induced stress levels using both physiological (Salivary alpha-amylase and Salivary nitric oxide) and psychological testing instruments (Visual analog scale and State Trait Anxiety Inventory Y6) during the initial phases of fixed orthodontic treatment. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 patients were included. Pain and anxiety instruments were applied and saliva samples were collected from patients before and after separator placement, before and 48 h after archwire insertion and 1 month after archwire insertion. Results: The mean values of alpha-amylase (235.3600), nitric oxide levels (2.060) and pain scores (7.8667) were higher 48 h after archwire insertion (T3) which are statistically significant, Conclusion: Initial alignment phases of fixed orthodontic treatment affect patients' anxiety and stress levels. The findings could be a result of the psychological stress due to procedures in the initial phases of the treatment.
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