ArticleACS nano2023
Red Blood Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Display Endogenous Antiviral Effects and Enhance the Efficacy of Antiviral Oligonucleotide Therapy.
Article in ACS nano, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular vesicles from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid provide insights into the inhaled corticosteroids treatment response in COPD.Respiratory research · 2025Trial
- Y-RBCEVs accelerate fracture repair through osteogenesis and VCAN-mediated CD44/PI3K/AKT-dependent macrophage polarization.Bioactive materials · 2027Article
- Red blood cell-derived extracellular vesicles enable cisplatin and cetuximab combined therapy against triple-negative breast cancer.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Precision Engineering of Extracellular Vesicles as Programmable Carriers for mRNA Therapeutics.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Principles and regulatory pathways of exosome-based products in wound healing: Insights from the Iranian Food and Drug Administration guideline.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2026Review
- Red Blood Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Gene and RNA Therapeutics: Biological, Engineering, and Translational Challenges.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Bioengineered Extracellular Vesicles in Emerging Cancer Vaccine Platforms.Small science · 2025Review
- The Binding Affinities of Serum Proteins to Nanoparticles.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Native and Engineered Extracellular Vesicles for the Treatment of Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Small science · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles for the delivery of gene therapy.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2025Article
- Combination of KRAS ASO and RIG-I agonist in extracellular vesicles transforms the tumor microenvironment towards effective treatment of KRAS-dependent cancers.Theranostics · 2025Article
- IL-12 minicircle delivery via extracellular vesicles as immunotherapy for bladder cancer.Cell proliferation · 2025Article
- Red blood cell extracellular vesicles: new frontiers in hematological biomarker discovery.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Impact of the production method on the properties of erythrocyte-derived extracellular particles: a quantitative and qualitative evaluation.Nanotheranostics · 2025Article
- A Panorama of Extracellular Vesicle Applications: From Biomarker Detection to Therapeutics.ACS nano · 2024Review
- Phosphatidylserine-exposing extracellular vesicles in body fluids are an innate defence against apoptotic mimicry viral pathogens.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- TIM proteins and microRNAs: distinct impact and promising interactions on transplantation immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
24 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a large number of fatalities and, at present, lacks a readily available curative treatment for patients. Here, we demonstrate that unmodified red blood cell-derived extracellular vesicles (RBCEVs) can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection in a phosphatidylserine (PS) dependent manner. Using T cell immunoglobulin mucin domain-1 (TIM-1) as an example, we demonstrate that PS receptors on cells can significantly increase the adsorption and infection of authentic and pseudotyped SARS-CoV-2 viruses. RBCEVs competitively inhibit this interaction and block TIM-1-mediated viral entry into cells. We further extend the therapeutic efficacy of this antiviral treatment by loading antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) designed to target conserved regions of key SARS-CoV-2 genes into RBCEVs. We establish that ASO-loaded RBCEVs are efficiently taken up by cells
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.