Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37852151›Full record

ArticleEnvironment international2023

Changes and stability of hand nicotine levels in children of smokers: Associations with urinary biomarkers, reported child tobacco smoke exposure, and home smoking bans.

Georg E Matt, Ashley L Merianos, Lara Stone, Chase Wullenweber, Penelope J E Quintana, Eunha Hoh, Nathan G Dodder, Nicolas Lopez Galvez, E Melinda Mahabee-Gittens

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Environment international, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Analysis of Assessment Methods for Detecting Nicotine Residue and Its Impact on Humans: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Georg E MattDepartment of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: gmatt@sdsu.edu.
Ashley L MerianosSchool of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Lara StoneDivision of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, USA.
Chase WullenweberDivision of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, USA.
Penelope J E QuintanaSchool of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
Eunha HohSchool of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
Nathan G DodderSchool of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA; San Diego State University Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, USA.
Nicolas Lopez GalvezSchool of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA.
E Melinda Mahabee-GittensDivision of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
San Diego State University · USCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center · USUniversity of Cincinnati · US

Funding

Research Support CoreP30DA012393 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JACOB, PEYTON · 1999 to 2024
$17.1M
Supplement: Contribution of Thirdhand Smoke to Overall Tobacco SmokeR01ES027815 · NIEHS · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI MAHABEE-GITTENS, E. MELINDA, MATT, GEORG E · 2018 to 2022
$3.1M
Prevalence and Clinical Correlates of Thirdhand Smoke Exposure in a Pediatric Patient PopulationR01ES030743 · NIEHS · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI MAHABEE-GITTENS, E. MELINDA · 2019 to 2023
$2.9M
An Intervention to Reduce Second Hand Smoke Exposure among Pediatric Emergency Patients. R01HD083354 · NICHD · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI MAHABEE-GITTENS, E. MELINDA · 2015 to 2019
$2.9M
Reducing Secondhand Smoke Exposure Among Pediatric Patients in the Emergency Department SettingK01DA044313 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI MERIANOS, ASHLEY L · 2017 to 2021
$727k
Distinguishing Exposure to Secondhand and Thirdhand Tobacco Smoke and Electronic Cigarettes among U.S. Children based on Multiple Biomarker ProfilesR21ES032161 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI MERIANOS, ASHLEY L · 2020 to 2021
$467k
Liquid Chromatograph-Triple Quadrupole Mass SpectrometerS10RR026437 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JACOB, PEYTON · 2010 to 2010
$448k
NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR026437NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD083354NIDA NIH HHS K01 DA044313NIDA NIH HHS P30 DA012393NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES027815NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES030743NIEHS NIH HHS R21 ES032161
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExposure to thirdhand smoke (THS) residue takes place through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal transfer. Hand nicotine levels have been proposed to measure THS pollution in the environment of children, but little is known about its variability and stability over time and correlates of change.

objectivesThe goal was to determine the stability of hand nicotine in comparison to urinary biomarkers and to explore factors that influence changes in hand nicotine.

methodsData were collected from 0 to 11-year-old children (Mean age = 5.9) who lived with ≥1 tobacco smokers (N = 129). At a 6-week interval, we collected repeated measures of hand nicotine, four urinary biomarkers (cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine, nicotelline N-oxides, and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol), and parent-reported child tobacco smoke exposure (TSE). Dependent sample t-tests, correlations, and multivariable regression analyses were conducted to examine the changes in child TSE.

resultsHand nicotine levels (r = 0.63, p < 0.001) showed similar correlations between repeated measures to urinary biomarkers (r = 0.58-0.71; p < 0.001). Different from urinary biomarkers, mean hand nicotine levels increased over time (t(113) = 3.37, p < 0.001) being significantly higher in children from homes without smoking bans at Time 2 (p = 0.016) compared to Time 1 (p = 0.003). Changes in hand nicotine correlated with changes in cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine (r = 0.30 and r = 0.19, respectively, p < 0.05). Children with home smoking bans at Time 1 and 2 showed significantly lower hand nicotine levels compared to children without home smoking bans. DISCUSSION: Findings indicate that hand nicotine levels provide additional insights into children's exposure to tobacco smoke pollutants than reported child TSE and urinary biomarkers. Changes in hand nicotine levels show that consistent home smoking bans in homes of children of smokers can lower THS exposure. Hand nicotine levels may be influenced by the environmental settings in which they are collected.

Indexed as

Smoke-Free PolicyTobacco Smoke PollutionBiomarkersChildChild, PreschoolCotinineHumansInfantInfant, NewbornNicotineSmokersBiomarkersCotinineNicotineTobacco Smoke PollutionCotinineHand wipesNicotineSecondhand smokeThirdhand smokeTobacco smoke exposure

Identifiers

PMID37852151
PMCPMC11678324
OpenAlexW4387107965

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.