Observational studyBMC anesthesiology2023
Effect of hemoglobin and oxygen saturation on adverse outcomes in children with tetralogy of fallot: a retrospective observational study.
Observational study in BMC anesthesiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Surgical and postoperative management of congenital heart disease: a systematic review of observational studies.Langenbeck's archives of surgery · 2025Pooled it
- Anemia in children with congenital heart disease and its association with postoperative prognosis.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Inotropes for the prevention of low cardiac output syndrome and mortality for paediatric patients undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Review
- Determining the optimal timing for Tetralogy of Fallot management: A meta-analysis of neonatal vs postneonatal repairs.Annals of pediatric cardiologyArticle
- The Eye-Heart Connection: Exploring the unique ocular features in tetralogy of Fallot.Romanian journal of ophthalmologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a common cyanotic congenital heart malformation that carries a high risk of right-to-left shunting. Anemia is characterized by decreased hemoglobin (Hb) levels that can affect tissue oxygen delivery and impact postoperative recovery in patients. Chronic hypoxia caused by right-to-left shunting of TOF could lead to compensatory increases in Hb to maintain systemic oxygen balance. This study aims to investigate whether preoperative Hb and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) can predict adverse outcomes in children undergoing corrective surgery for TOF.
methodsThis retrospective study included patients under 18 years of age who underwent corrective surgery for TOF at Fuwai Hospital between January 2016 and December 2018. Adverse outcomes, including in-hospital death, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation implantation, ICU stay > 30 days, and severe complications, were considered as the primary outcome. Univariable and multivariable logistic analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for adverse outcomes. Propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis was also conducted to minimize the confounding factors.
resultsA total of 596 children were included in the study, of which 64 (10.7%) experienced adverse outcomes. Hb*SpO2 < aaHb was identified as an independent risk factor for adverse outcomes (OR = 2.241, 95% CI = 1.276-3.934, P = 0.005) after univariable and multivariable logistic analyses. PSM analysis further confirmed the association between Hb*SpO2 < aaHb and adverse outcomes. Patients with Hb*SpO2 < aaHb had a significantly higher incidence of postoperative adverse outcomes, longer time of mechanical ventilation, and hospital stay, as well as higher in-hospital costs.
conclusionsHb*SpO2 < aaHb is significantly associated with adverse outcomes in children undergoing corrective surgery for TOF. Clinicians can use this parameter to early identify high-risk children and optimize their postoperative management.
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