ArticleBMC microbiology2023
Investigation into the prevalence of enterotoxin genes and genetic background of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retain foods in Hangzhou, China.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- A comprehensive review of regulatory mechanisms of novel enterotoxin genes inAnnals of medicine · 2026Review
- Virulence Determinants, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Biofilm Formation ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Methicillin- and Vancomycin-ResistantFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Identification of Nonclassical Enterotoxin Genes in Stored Staphylococcus aureus Isolates From Milk of Subclinical Mastitis Cows in Sumedang Regency.TheScientificWorldJournal · 2026Article
- Whole-genome analysis and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Antibiotic resistance characteristics, molecular typing, and potential transmission reservoirs of methicillin-resistantFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- A Comprehensive Review of Detection Methods forToxins · 2025Review
- In Silico Exploration of Staphylococcal Cassette ChromosomeMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- The molecular evidence of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 on methicillin-resistantOpen veterinary journal · 2025Article
- Genomic characterization ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Review
- Coagulase-negative staphylococci are the main causes of bacterial meningitis in duck.Poultry science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStaphylococcus aureus expresses numerous toxins, many of which are strongly believed to be responsible for specific symptoms and even diseases, making it significant in the pathogenesis of human health. Enterotoxins, which are vital toxins, are associated with foodborne illnesses that manifest through symptoms like vomiting and diarrhea. In the present study, 264 S. aureus isolates obtained from various retail foods in Hangzhou, China were further investigated the profiles of enterotoxin genes and genetic backgrounds.
resultsApproximately, 64.02% of the isolates from diverse sources contained at least one Staphylococcal Enterotoxin (SE) genes, displaying a total of 36 distinct combinations. Enterotoxin gene cluster (egc) encoded enterotoxin genes, normally designated by seg, sei, sem, sen, seo and selu, plus with sep were more frequently detected (33.73%, each). In contrast, see, ses and set were absent in any of the isolates tested. A total of 44 sequence types (STs), 20 clonal complexes (CCs) and 66 different staphylococcal protein A (spa) types (including six novel types) were identified among those 169 SE-positive isolates. Moreover, nineteen methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates were identified. The majority of those isolates belonged to the CC59-Sccmec IVa cluster and carried the seb-sek-seq gene cluster. The egc cluster, either coexisting with or without other enterotoxin genes, was observed in all isolates allocated into CC5, CC9, CC20, CC25, CC72 and ST672. Irrespective of the spa types and origins of the food, it appeared that seh was a distinct genetic element present in isolates belonging to the CC1 clonal lineage.
conclusionsThe results not only proposed a suspected relationship between distribution of enterotoxigenic strains and genetic backgrounds, but also attributed the presence of novel enterotoxins to potential hazards in food safety.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.