SynthesisJournal of neuro-oncology2023
Improved survival outcome with not-delayed radiotherapy and immediate PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor for non-small-cell lung cancer patients with brain metastases.
Synthesis in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Radiotherapy plus immune checkpoint inhibitors versus immune checkpoint inhibitors alone for non-small cell lung cancer with bone metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative cohort studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Integrated management of immunotherapy and radiotherapy for patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a narrative review of current landscape and future directions.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Review
- Clinical outcomes and predictive factors of immunotherapy efficacy in non-small-cell lung cancer brain metastases: a comparative study.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Impact of metabolic and nutritional disorders on the synergy between radiotherapy and immunotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- A retrospective study of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy for patients with baseline brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Efficacy and Safety of First-Line Chemotherapy-Based Combination Therapy for Patients With Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2025Article
- Review
- Timing of stereotactic radiosurgery within the first-line systemic treatment in non-small cell lung cancer brain metastases: a retrospective single-center cohort study.Translational lung cancer research · 2024Article
- Histopathological correlation of brain tumor recurrence vs. radiation effect post-radiosurgery as detected by MRI contrast clearance analysis: a validation study.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo investigate the impact of radiotherapy (RT) and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) sequence on the survival outcome in NSCLC patients with brain metastasis, and decide the best time to initiate RT.
methodsPatients were managed with delayed RT (ICI delivered over 2 weeks prior to RT), concurrent RT (ICI delivered within 2 weeks prior to or after RT), or upfront RT (RT delivered over 2 weeks prior to ICI). Overall survival (OS), intracranial local progression-free survival (iLPFS), and intracranial distant progression-free survival (iDPFS) were assessed. A meta-analysis was performed to analyze the association between survival outcome and RT/ICI sequence.
resultsA total of 73 NSCLC patients were identified with a median follow-up of 13.9 months. Patients who receive delayed RT demonstrated shorter iLPFS (P = 0.0029), iDPFS (P = 0.016), and OS (P < 0.001). A meta-analysis was conducted and a total of 4 studies, 254 patients were included. The HR was 0.44 for iDPFS (P = 0.03), 0.41 for OS (P < 0.01) when compared concurrent with delayed RT, 0.21 for iDPFS (P < 0.01), 0.32 for OS (P < 0.01) when compared upfront with delayed RT, consistent with our conclusion that delayed RT brought with worst iDPFS and OS. More importantly, the best overall response rate (BOR) decreased in cases with longer RT and ICI intervals. Patients who receive intervals of RT and ICI within 7 days achieve the best median BOR of - 53%.
conclusionsDelayed RT brought poor survival outcomes including iLPFS, iDPFS, and OS in NSCLC patients. The shorter interval of RT and ICI is associated with better BOR.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.