ArticleNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2024
Neuroprotective effects of silymarin in 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in male mice: improving behavioral deficits by attenuating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.
Article in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- L-theanine from Camellia sinensis (L.) attenuates 3-NP-induced Huntington's disease-like alterations by remedying behavioral patterns and modulating neurotransmitters across three distinct brain regions: evidence from in-vivo and in-silico approaches.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- Silymarin Modulates 3-Nitropropionic Acid-Induced Oxidative Neurotoxicity and Apoptosis Through the Inhibition of TRPV1 Channel in Mouse Brain and Hippocampal Neurons.Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology · 2026Article
- Neuroprotective Potential of Pinostrobin in a Rat Model of Huntington's Disease: Behavioural, Biochemical, and Molecular Docking Evidence.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Artemisinin attenuates 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurodegeneration via HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB modulation in a rat model of huntington's disease.Archives of pharmacal research · 2026Article
- Neuroprotective effects of candesartan in 3-nitropropionic acid-induced Huntington's disease: modulation of angiotensin and CREB/BDNF/PGC1-α signaling.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Article
- Potential Roles of Natural Antioxidants in Modulating Neurodegenerative Disease Pathways.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Unlocking the Neuroprotective Potential of Silymarin: A Promising Ally in Safeguarding the Brain from Alzheimer's Disease and Other Neurological Disorders.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Glycosylation of chrysin with β-d-glucose tetraacetate (LQFM280) enhances its in vitro and in vivo neuroprotective effects against the toxicity induced by 3-nitropropionic acid.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- The Novel Nephroprotective Activity of Flaxseed Oil on Diazinon-induced Kidney Damage in Male Rats.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2025Article
- Silibinin-loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLCs) Ameliorated Lead-induced Acute Nephrotoxicity in Male Rats.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2024Article
- Neuroprotective Effects of Dehydroepiandrosterone and Hericium erinaceus in Scopolamine-induced Alzheimer's Diseases-like Symptoms in Male Rats.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2024Article
- Quercetin's Restorative Properties in Male Mice with 3-Nitropropionic Acid-induced Huntington-like Symptoms: Molecular Docking, Behavioral, and Biochemical Assessment.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2024Article
- Silymarin and Inflammation: Food for Thoughts.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Silymarin administration after cerebral ischemia improves survival of obese mice by increasing cortical BDNF and IGF1 levels.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP) is strongly believed to be an irreversible inhibitor of mitochondrial complex II, leading to neural damage. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of silymarin against 3-NP-induced neurotoxicity in male mice. Six-week-old mice received subacute doses of 3-NP intraperitoneally for 17 days. Mice were given silymarin (70 mg/kg/day, P.O.) for 2 weeks before 3-NP administration or for 4 weeks after 3-NP administration. At the end of the treatment schedule, animals were evaluated for behavioral alterations. Subsequently, neuronal damage in the hippocampus region of the brain tissues, oxidative stress-related parameters (lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and total antioxidant capacity), and pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-1β) levels were evaluated. Our results indicated that 3-NP treatment significantly (p < 0.05) tended to reduce motor coordination, memory, and neuronal antioxidant status while increasing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. However, silymarin in both treatment and pretreatment protocols markedly (p < 0.05) attenuated the behavioral deficits, oxidative stress status, and neuroinflammation. The results of the current study suggest that the neuroprotective effect of silymarin against 3-NP-induced neurotoxicity might be due to the mitigation of oxidative stress status and provide insight into the therapeutic potential of silymarin.
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