ArticleStroke2023
Smoking Modifies the Association Between Radon Exposure and Incident Ischemic Stroke: The REGARDS Study.
Article in Stroke, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exposure to radon and ambient particle radioactivity during pregnancy and adverse maternal, fetal and perinatal outcomes: The current literature and potential mechanisms.Environmental research · 2024Pooled it
- Indoor Radon Concentrations and Hematologic Traits in the Women's Health Initiative.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Updated Knowledge on Radon Exposure: Quantification Methods, Health Effects, and Molecular Mechanisms.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Assessing historical residential radon exposure using a glass-based surface trap method in low radon level areas: a pilot study.Journal of radiological protection : official journal of the Society for Radiological Protection · 2026Article
- Residential radon exposure and incident myocardial infarction and stroke risks in the All of Us Research Program.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Individuals Exposed to Radon.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Radon Exposure and Gestational Diabetes.JAMA network open · 2025Observational
- Analysis of genetic instability induced by radon exposure in iron mine processing workers in Shandong Province, Northern China.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundExposure to radon has been linked to lung cancer and other lung diseases. Although biologically plausible, research of residential radon exposure in relation to stroke risk is scarce.
methodsStudy participants were from the REGARDS (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) cohort (n=30 239), which consisted of male and female non-Hispanic Black and White adults aged 45 and older. After excluding participants with baseline stroke and transient ischemic attack, and missing information on exposure and outcome of interest, the final sample size was 26 950. The primary outcome was time to the first ischemic stroke through September 30, 2020. County-level radon measures from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory were linked to each participant based on their geocoded residential history. We used Cox proportional hazards regression models with a time-dependent exposure to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs for the association.
resultsAfter controlling for potential confounding factors including demographic, lifestyle, clinical variables, and PM
conclusionsFindings from this study suggest that the association between residential radon exposure and incidence of ischemic stroke varies by smoking status and may be prominent in never-smokers. Further studies incorporating indoor-radon measures are needed to confirm these findings.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.