ArticleAdvances in ophthalmology practice and research
Retinal safety and toxicity study of artesunate
Article in Advances in ophthalmology practice and research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuroprotective Indole Diterpenoids from the FungusPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Anti-Syndecan 2 Antibody Treatment Reduces Edema Formation and Inflammation of Murine Laser-Induced CNV.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Proteome-Wide Mapping of Artesunate Targets Reveals Enrichment of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Artesunate (ART), a member of the artemisinin family, possesses multi-properties, including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and anti-tumor. ART was recently reported to show anti-neovascularization effect on the cornea, iris, and retina. Compared to the expensive anti-VEGF treatment, this versatile, economical treatment option is attractive in the ophthalmic field. The safety and toxicity profile of ART intravitreal application are in utmost need. Methods: In this study, immortalized microglial (IMG) cells were treated with ART to determine the safe concentrations without inducing overt inflammatory reactions. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to detect the cytokine expressions in IMG cells in response to ART stimulation. Various doses of ART were intravitreally injected into the right eyes of C57BL/6 mice. Retinal function was tested by electroretinogram, and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival was evaluated by counting Brn3a stained cells in flat-mounted retinas at 7 days after ART injection. Results: ART below 5μM was safe for IMG cells Conclusions: Intravitreal injection of 100 μM ART could downregulate TNF-α while upregulate IL-10 in the mouse retina without causing retinal functional deterioration and RGC loss. ART might be used as anti-inflammatory agent for retinal disorders.
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Registered trials
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