ReviewJournal of bone oncology2023
Immune checkpoint inhibitors in bone metastasis: Clinical challenges, toxicities, and mechanisms.
Review in Journal of bone oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, version 3.0.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Guideline
- Response rate specific to bone metastasis of various cancers for immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of bone metastasis on prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Application of CAR-T cell therapy in orthopedics: From bone malignancies to non-malignant musculoskeletal disorders.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- A 'three-axis synergy' immunotherapeutic strategy for malignant bone tumors based on natural bioactives and bioactive materials.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Dissociated skeletal response to first-line immunotherapy in synchronous bone metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients: Clinical profiles and survival benefit of denosumab adjunction.Journal of bone oncology · 2026Article
- Effectiveness and safety of immunotherapy in advanced NSCLC with pericardial effusions: a global retrospective multicenter study.The oncologist · 2026Observational
- Breaking the immune "cold niche" in bone metastasis: core mechanisms of the multidimensional interwoven regulatory network and precision breakthrough strategies.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- CDK4/6 inhibitor ribociclib and doxorubicin combination treatment inhibits breast cancer bone metastasis and enhances T-cell targeted therapy.Journal of bone oncology · 2026Article
- Nanoparticle Strategies for Bone Metastasis Immunotherapy: Targeting, Immune Reprogramming and Combination Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Decoding the Role of MDSCs in Bone Metastasis: Multicellular Interactions and Clinical Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Digital spatial profiling of α-PD-1 treated breast cancer bone metastases reveals region-specific signaling and enrichment of immune-suppressive markers.Journal of bone oncology · 2026Article
- Expansion of bone marrow adipocytes in obese mice leads to PD-L1-driven bone marrow immunosuppression and osteoclastogenesis.Bone research · 2026Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Bone Health: Mechanisms, Clinical Implications, and Emerging Perspectives on Bone Fragility.Current osteoporosis reports · 2026Review
- Bone Adverse Events in Cancer Patients Undergoing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature from the Clinical Action Group of the European Calcified Tissue Society.Calcified tissue international · 2026Review
- The Role of HER2 and RANK in Breast Cancer and New Therapeutic Approaches With Denosumab, Anti-HER2 Antibodies and Immunotherapy.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Reframing the starting point of shared decision-making under algorithmic short-form video exposure: bone tumor care as a sentinel context.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Modeling and targeting the hostile physicochemical niche in bone metastasis: from experimental platforms to niche-directed therapy.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Metachronous bilateral renal cancer with immune checkpoint blockade-mediated eradication of bone metastasis: case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the field of anti-cancer therapy over the last decade; they provide durable clinical responses against tumors by inhibiting immune checkpoint proteins that canonically regulate the T cell-mediated immune response. Despite their success in many primary tumors and soft tissue metastases, ICIs function poorly in patients with bone metastases, and these patients do not have the same survival benefit as patients with the same primary tumor type (e.g., non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC], urothelial, renal cell carcinoma [RCC], etc.) that has not metastasized to the bone. Additionally, immune-related adverse events including rheumatologic and musculoskeletal toxicities, bone loss, and increased fracture risk develop after treatment with ICIs. There are few preclinical studies that investigate the interplay of the immune system in bone metastases; however, the current literature suggests a role for CD8
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.