ArticleFrontiers in immunology2023
Cytokine dysregulation despite immunoglobulin replacement therapy in common variable immunodeficiency (CVID).
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Beyond B cells: T and Innate Immune Mechanisms of Autoimmunity in Common Variable Immunodeficiency.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Elevated IL-10 is Linked With the Expansion of T-betJournal of clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Association between gut microbiota-derived TMAO, systemic inflammatory markers, and echocardiographic findings in patients with common variable immunodeficiency.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Hepatic Manifestations in Common Variable Immunodeficiency Associated With Mortality and Worse Hospital Outcomes in Nationwide Analysis Using National Readmission Database.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2025Article
- Histamine as a mediator of cross-talk between human lung mast cells and macrophages.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Utility of serum cytokine testing to differentiate complicated common variable immunodeficiency in resource limited settings.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2025Article
- Navigating the Complexities of Common Variable Immunodeficiency Enteropathy: From Established Therapies to Emerging Interventions.Immunology and allergy clinics of North America · 2025Review
- The Burden of Non-Infectious Organ-Specific Immunopathology in Pediatric Common Variable Immunodeficiency.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Introduction: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most prevalent symptomatic primary immunodeficiency. CVID is a heterogeneous disorder with a presumed multifactorial etiology. Intravenous or subcutaneous immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IgRT) can prevent severe infections but not underlying immune dysregulation. Methods: In this study, we evaluated the serum concentrations of proinflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and immunoregulatory cytokines (IL-10), as well as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) in CVID individuals with infectious only (INF-CVID), and those with additional systemic autoimmune and inflammatory disorders (NIC-CVID), and healthy donors (HD). Results: Our results showed increased serum concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 in both INF-CVID and NIC-CVID subjects compared to HD. However, elevations of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 were significantly more marked in NIC-CVID than INF-CVID. Additionally, LPS concentrations were increased only in NIC-CVID but not in INF-CVID compared to HD. Circulating levels of sCD14 were significantly increased in NIC-CVID compared to both INF-CVID and HD. Discussion: These findings indicate persistent cytokine dysregulation despite IgRT in individuals with CVID. Moreover, the circulating cytokine profile reveals the heterogeneity of immune dysregulation in different subgroups of CVID subjects.
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