ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2023
Alzheimer's Disease Pathology Outside of the Cerebrum Is Related to a Higher Odds of Dementia.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations of pathologic Parkinson's disease (PD) and co-pathologies with cognitive decline and progression of parkinsonian signs in decedents with subclinical disease.Acta neuropathologica · 2025Article
- Parkinson's Disease and Other Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Pathologies and the Progression of Parkinsonism in Older Adults.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2024Article
- Tar DNA binding protein 43, a proteinopathy with preference for olfactory structures in COVID-19 subjects.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reportsArticle
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAssessments of Alzheimer's disease pathology do not routinely include lower brainstem, olfactory bulb, and spinal cord.
objectiveTest if amyloid-β (Aβ) and paired helical filament (PHF) tau-tangles outside the cerebrum are associated with the odds of dementia.
methodsAutopsies were obtained in decedents with cognitive testing (n = 300). Aβ plaques and PHF tau-tangles were assessed in 24 sites: cerebrum (n = 14), brainstem (n = 5), olfactory bulb, and four spinal cord levels. Since spinal Aβ were absent in the first 165 cases, it was not assessed in the remaining cases.
resultsAge at death was 91 years old. About 90% had Aβ in cerebrum and of these, half had Aβ in the brainstem. Of the latter, 85% showed Aβ in the olfactory bulb. All but one participant had tau-tangles in the cerebrum and 86% had brainstem tau-tangles. Of the latter, 80% had tau-tangles in olfactory bulb and 36% tau-tangles in one or more spinal cord levels. About 90% of adults with tau-tangles also had Aβ in one or more regions. In a logistic model controlling for demographics, Aβ and tau-tangles within the cerebrum, the presence of Aβ in olfactory bulb [OR, 1.74(1.00, 3.05)]; tau-tangles in brainstem [OR, 4.00(1.1.57,10.21)]; and spinal cord [OR, 1.87 (1.21,3.11)] were independently associated with higher odds of dementia.
conclusionRegional differences in Aβ and tau-tangle accumulation extend beyond cerebrum to spinal cord and their presence outside the cerebrum are associated with a higher odds of dementia. Further studies are needed to clarify the extent, burden, and consequences of AD pathology outside of cerebrum.
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