ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2023
The Predictors of Long COVID in Southeastern Italy.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding how social determinants of health shape Long COVID outcomes: a rapid review of evidence.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Pooled it
- Factors Associated with Long COVID in the Pediatric Population: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.Clinics and practice · 2026Article
- A Predictive Model for the Development of Long COVID in Children.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Long-lasting effects on cognition and mental health in patients with post COVID-19 condition following a mild SARS-CoV-2 infection: A longitudinal case-control study.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Article
- LEF1-AS1 Deregulation in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Persistent Post-COVID Symptoms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Risk Factors Associated with Post-COVID-19 Conditions Among Diabetes Patients in the United Arab Emirates.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Article
- Administration of antivirals, IL-6 inhibitors, monoclonal neutralizing antibodies and systemic corticosteroids in acute SARS-CoV-2 infection do not reduce the subsequent burden of Long-COVID symptoms.Le infezioni in medicina · 2025Article
- Motor and Respiratory Tele-Rehabilitation in Patients with Long COVID-19 after Hospital Discharge: An Interventional Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Potential Predictors of Long COVID in Italian Children: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Sleep Disturbances as a Consequence of Long COVID-19: Insights from Actigraphy and Clinimetric Examinations-An Uncontrolled Prospective Observational Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Prevalence, predictors, and patient-reported outcomes of long COVID in hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients from the city of São Paulo, Brazil.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionLong COVID is now recognized as a common consequence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, but we are still far from fully understanding its pathogenesis and predictive factors. Many pathophysiological factors have been studied, including ethnicity. To our knowledge, the risk factors for Long COVID have not been studied in Southeastern Italy.
aimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive factors of Long COVID in a cohort of patients from Southeastern Italy.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective longitudinal study, enrolling inpatients and outpatients diagnosed with COVID-19 from June 2021 to March 2022. A total of 436 subjects were evaluated in an outpatient setting 12 weeks after a SARS-CoV-2 infection, recording comorbidities, symptoms, therapy, and clinical information. Univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression analyses were performed on different risk factors to define the probability of developing Long COVID.
resultsA total of 71.8% of patients (313) developed Long COVID, while the remaining 123 (28.3%) had a complete remission of symptoms 3 months after acute infection. During the acute phase of COVID-19, 68.3% of patients experienced respiratory failure and 81.4% received corticosteroid therapy. In a multivariate analysis, the female sex (SEX M ODD 0.513) and corticosteroids (ODD 2.25) were maintained as predictive values.
conclusionsFrom our data and in line with other studies, the female sex emerges as a risk factor for Long COVID in the population of Southeastern Italy. Corticosteroid therapy administered in the acute phase also appears to be associated with an increased risk of Long COVID. Although indications for the prescription of corticosteroid therapy in the acute phase were indicated by the presence of pneumonia complicated by respiratory insufficiency, there was an over-prescription of corticosteroid therapy in the real life of our cohort, with 64% of patients having respiratory insufficiency and 81% having corticosteroid therapy. We hypothesize that a synergistic link between viral infection and the side effects of corticosteroid therapy may arise in selected cases.
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