SynthesisInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Combined or Sequential Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Car-T Cell Therapies for the Management of Haematological Malignancies: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy for solid tumors in pediatric patients: current breakthroughs, dilemmas, and strategies.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Real-world outcomes of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy with pembrolizumab as holding and/or bridging therapy in relapsed/refractory primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma.International journal of clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Safety and effectiveness of lisocabtagene maraleucel following PD-1 blockade in relapsed or refractory PMBCL.International journal of hematology · 2026Article
- Application of CAR-T therapy in solid tumors: current opportunities and challenges.Cancer gene therapy · 2026Review
- Modulating AP-1 enables CAR T cells to establish an intratumoral stemlike reservoir and overcomes resistance to PD-1 blockade.Science immunology · 2026Article
- Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in hematologic malignancies: Bridging molecular mechanisms to therapeutic innovation.BioImpacts : BI · 2026Review
- Current Status and Future Prospects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Research in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Review
- Review
- Current regulatory requirements for assessment of immunogenicity for gene therapy medicinal products.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Review
- Recent advances in nanoparticles-based sonodynamic and immune checkpoint blockade synergistic therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- The potential of phytomedicines to optimize CAR-T cell therapy in cancer.Immunotherapy · 2025Review
- Engineered circular RNA-based DLL3-targeted CAR-T therapy for small cell lung cancer.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Article
- Gp350-targeted CAR-T therapy in EBV-positive Burkitt lymphoma: pre-clinical development of gp350 CAR-T.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- [The mechanisms and salvage treatment strategies underlying positive relapse following CD19 CAR-T cell therapy in B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia].Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi · 2024Review
- Promising Therapeutic Strategies for Hematologic Malignancies: Innovations and Potential.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Multiple myeloma and the potential of new checkpoint inhibitors for immunotherapy.Therapeutic advances in vaccines and immunotherapy · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to review the available evidence on the efficacy and safety of combined or sequential use of PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and CAR-T cell therapies in relapsed/refractory (R/R) haematological malignancies. A systematic literature review was performed until 21 November 2022. Inclusion criteria: cohort studies/clinical trials aimed at evaluating the efficacy and/or safety of the combination of CAR-T cell therapy with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in R/R haematological malignancies, which had reported results. Those focusing only on ICI or CAR-T separately or evaluating the combination in other non-hematological solid tumours were excluded. We used a specific checklist for quality assessment of the studies, and then we extracted data on efficacy or efficiency and safety. A total of 1867 articles were identified, and 9 articles were finally included (early phase studies, with small samples of patients and acceptable quality). The main pathologies were B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) and B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL). The most studied combination was tisagenlecleucel with pembrolizumab. In terms of efficacy, there is great variability: the combination could be a promising option in B-ALL, with modest data, and in B-NHL, although hopeful responses were received, the combination does not appear better than CAR-T cell monotherapy. The safety profile could be considered comparable to that described for CAR-T cell monotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.