ArticleBMC ophthalmology2023
Inflammatory bowel disease and the associated risk of dry eye and ocular surface injury: a nationwide matched cohort study.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cross-trait genomic and sequential analyses of multiple omics datasets identified shared genetic components for the gut-eye axis.Human genomics · 2026Article
- The effects of vitamin d replacement therapy on ocular surface health in children with vitamin d deficiency.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Pregnancy and Dry Eye Syndrome: A Review for Clinical Practice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Dry Eye Disease: From Causes to Patient Care and Clinical Collaboration-A Narrative Review.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Review
- Ocular Manifestations of IBD: Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, and Iatrogenic Associations of Emerging Treatment Strategies.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Analysis of the Incidence of Ocular Extraintestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: A Systematic Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Dry eye disease and spondyloarthritis: expanding the spectrum of systemic inflammatory disorders associated with ocular surface disease. Data from the international AIDA Network Spondyloarthritis Registry.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with lacrimal gland dysfunction and ocular inflammation. The objective of this research was to elucidate the temporal relationships between IBD, dry eye disease (DED), and corneal surface damage.
methodsIn a matched nationwide cohort study, we evaluated the risk of DED and corneal surface damage associated with IBD. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were implemented to estimate the risk of ocular complications.
resultsA total of 54,293 matched pairs were included for analyses. The median follow-up time was 8.3 years (interquartile range: 5.5 - 10.5). The period incidence of DED was 8.18 and 5.42 per 1000 person-years in the IBD and non-IBD groups, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, statistically significant associations were found between IBD and DED [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.35 - 1.51, p < 0.0001], Sjögren's syndrome-related (aHR: 1.67, 95% CI:1.46 - 1.90, p < 0.0001) and non-Sjögren's syndrome-related subtypes (aHR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.30 - 1.46, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, increased risks of corneal surface damage (aHR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.03 - 1.24, p = 0.0094) among the patients with IBD were observed when compared with the controls. Other independent factors associated with corneal surface damage were age (aHR: 1.003), sex (male vs. female, aHR: 0.85), and monthly insurance premium (501-800 vs. 0-500 U.S. dollars, aHR: 1.45; ≥ 801 vs. 0-500 U.S. dollars, aHR: 1.32).
conclusionsOur results suggested that IBD was an independent risk factor for DED and ocular surface damage. Clinical strategies are needed to prevent visual impairment or losses in these susceptible patients.
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